使用 pyvmomi 从一个集群克隆虚拟机到另一个集群

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华科云商小徐

发布于 2025-02-07 14:02:16

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代码可运行

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代码可运行

要使用 pyvmomi 库从一个 vSphere 集群克隆虚拟机到另一个集群，可以按以下步骤进行操作：

连接到 vCenter。
获取源集群和目标集群。
克隆虚拟机（可以克隆到目标集群的资源池）。
配置和启动克隆的虚拟机。

1、问题背景

我们有两个 VMware 数据中心，都连接到我们的 vCenter 服务器。所有 VMware 都为 5.5。我有一个 VM（不是模板），我试图使用 pyvmomi 以自动化的方式进行克隆。如果我指定要将 VM 克隆到与源 VM 相同的数据中心中的主机，则脚本可以正常工作。但是，如果我指定另一个数据中心中的主机，则克隆将失败，并出现 vmodl 错误：
- 指定的参数不正确。
据我所知，我在 RelocateSpec 和 CloneSpec 中设置了所有内容，以及实际的 CloneVM_Task 调用。对于正确的方向的任何提示，我们都将不胜感激。谢谢。

2、解决方案

以下是用 Python 编写的脚本，演示了如何使用 pyvmomi 从一个集群克隆虚拟机到另一个集群：

from pyVim.connect import SmartConnect, Disconnect
from pyVmomi import vim, vmodl
import atexit
import sys
import time
import pprint

pp = pprint.PrettyPrinter(indent=4)

def WaitForTasks(tasks, si):
    global pp
    """
    Given the service instance si and tasks, it returns after all the
    tasks are complete
    """
    pc = si.content.propertyCollector
    task_result = None
    taskList = [str(task) for task in tasks]

    # Create filter
    objSpecs = [vmodl.query.PropertyCollector.ObjectSpec(obj=task) for task in tasks]
    propSpec = vmodl.query.PropertyCollector.PropertySpec(type=vim.Task, pathSet=[], all=True)
    filterSpec = vmodl.query.PropertyCollector.FilterSpec()
    filterSpec.objectSet = objSpecs
    filterSpec.propSet = [propSpec]
    filter = pc.CreateFilter(filterSpec, True)

    try:
        version, state = None, None

        # Loop looking for updates till the state moves to a completed state.
        while len(taskList):
            update = pc.WaitForUpdates(version)
            for filterSet in update.filterSet:
                for objSet in filterSet.objectSet:
                    task = objSet.obj
                    for change in objSet.changeSet:
                        if change.name == 'info':
                            state = change.val.state
                        elif change.name == 'info.state':
                            state = change.val
                        else:
                            continue

                        if not str(task) in taskList:
                            continue

                        if state == vim.TaskInfo.State.success:
                            #save info
                            task_result = task.info.result

                            # Remove task from taskList
                            taskList.remove(str(task))
                        elif state == vim.TaskInfo.State.error:
                            raise task.info.error
            # Move to next version
            version = update.version
    except Exception, e:
        print "Caught Exception in WaitForTasks : " + pp.pprint(e)
    finally:
        if filter:
            filter.Destroy()

    return task_result



"""
 Get the vsphere object associated with a given text name
"""
def GetObject(content, vimtype, name):
    obj = None
    container = content.viewManager.CreateContainerView(content.rootFolder, vimtype, True)
    for c in container.view:
        if c.name == name:
            obj = c
            break
    return obj 


def WaitForIP(target_machine):
    while target_machine.guest.ipAddress == None:
        print "Waiting for IP to be visible..."
        sys.stdout.flush()
        time.sleep(1)


def main():
    global pp

    try:
        si = None
        server = 'vcenter'

        try:
            si = SmartConnect(host=server, user='adminuser', pwd='password', port=443)
        except IOError, e:
            pass
        if not si:
            print "Could not connect to vCenter using specified username and password"
            return -1

        atexit.register(Disconnect, si)

        # Get references to the needed objects
        content = si.content
        source_machine = GetObject(content,[vim.VirtualMachine],'ubuntu14.04')
        destination_host = GetObject(content, [vim.HostSystem], 'vmhostname')

        if "bos" in destination_host.name:
            dsname = 'bosdatastore'
            dcname = 'Boston'
        else:
            dsname = 'reddatastore'
            dcname = 'Redmond'

        # Configure where the new machine is to be located
        rs = vim.VirtualMachineRelocateSpec()
        cs = vim.VirtualMachineCloneSpec()
        dc = GetObject(content, [vim.Datacenter], dsname)
        target_folder = dc.vmFolder
        rs.host = destination_host
        cs.location = rs
        cs.powerOn = False

        # Clone it
        tasks = [source_machine.CloneVM_Task(target_folder, 'newmachine', cs)]
        print "Clone initiated..."
        sys.stdout.flush()
        target_machine = WaitForTasks(tasks, si)
        print("Virtual Machine %s has been cloned successfully" % "newmachine")

        # update NIC settings if needed
        for dev in target_machine.config.hardware.device:
            if dev.deviceInfo.label == 'Network adapter 1':
                nic = dev
                break

        if nic.backing.deviceName != 'vlan1':
            net = GetObject(content,[vim.Network],'vlan2')
            vds = vim.vm.device.VirtualDeviceSpec()
            nic.backing.deviceName = 'vlan2'
            nic.backing.network = net
            nic.deviceInfo.summary = 'vlan2'
            vds.device = nic
            vds.operation = vim.vm.device.VirtualDeviceSpec.Operation.edit
            vmcs = vim.vm.ConfigSpec()
            vmcs.deviceChange = [vds]
            tasks = [target_machine.ReconfigVM_Task(vmcs)]
            print "Network change started..."
            sys.stdout.flush()
            WaitForTasks(tasks,si)
            print "Network update complete."

        # Power the machine on
        tasks = [target_machine.PowerOnVM_Task()]
        print "New machine is starting..."
        sys.stdout.flush()
        WaitForTasks(tasks,si)

        # Wait for target to have IP so we can save it
        WaitForIP(target_machine)

    except vmodl.MethodFault, e:
        print "Caught vmodl fault in main : " + pp.pprint(e)
    except Exception, e:
        print "Caught Exception in main : " + pp.pprint(e)

    print "Done."

# Start program
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()