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社区首页 >问答首页 >val_acc高，但实际精度低

问val_acc高，但实际精度低
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Stack Overflow用户
提问于 2018-03-10 12:46:22
回答 1查看 1.3K关注 0票数 1

我一直遵循来自本网站的代码来训练一个能区分10个猴子物种的CNN。在训练阶段，我取得了不错的成绩，有三个时代：

代码语言：javascript
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AI代码解释
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Using TensorFlow backend.
Found 1097 images belonging to 10 classes.
Found 272 images belonging to 10 classes.
Epoch 1/3
46/46 [==============================] - 24s 521ms/step - loss: 1.4526 - acc: 0.5644 - val_loss: 0.5665 - val_acc: 0.9688
Epoch 2/3
46/46 [==============================] - 20s 445ms/step - loss: 0.5706 - acc: 0.8983 - val_loss: 0.4078 - val_acc: 0.9375
Epoch 3/3
46/46 [==============================] - 21s 449ms/step - loss: 0.3696 - acc: 0.9447 - val_loss: 0.4832 - val_acc: 0.8438

然后，我编写了一个预测脚本，该脚本查看一个目录，并从保存的模型中进行预测。我试着把它指向培训和验证文件夹，但这两种结果在16%的时间里似乎都是正确的。为什么我的val_acc在训练中看起来很高，但是当我实际使用模型来做预测时，它的表现很差？

下面是预测循环：

代码语言：javascript
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AI代码解释
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inputSize = (300, 400, 3)
for count, path in enumerate(allImages):
    img= cv2.imread(path)

    img = cv2.resize(img, (inputSize[0], inputSize[1]))
    img = np.reshape(img, (1, inputSize[0], inputSize[1], inputSize[2]))

    correct = path.split(os.path.sep)[-2] #get label from directory
    classes = labels[model.predict(img)[0].argmax(axis=0)]

    if args.show_predictions: #display prediction in a window
        fontSize = 0.8
        black = (0, 0, 0)
        white = (255, 255, 255)

        orig = cv2.resize(orig, (480, 480))
        cv2.putText(orig, 'prediction: {}'.format(classes), (0, 20),
            cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, fontSize, black, 10)
        cv2.putText(orig, 'prediction: {}'.format(classes), (0, 20),
            cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, fontSize, white, 2)

        cv2.putText(orig, 'answer: {}'.format(correct), (0, orig.shape[0] - 10),
            cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, fontSize, black, 10)
        cv2.putText(orig, 'answer: {}'.format(correct), (0, orig.shape[0] - 10),
            cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, fontSize, white, 2)
        cv2.imshow('prediction', orig)
        if cv2.waitKey(0) == ord('q'):
            break

    if args.verbose:
        print('prediction: {} --> answer: {}'.format(classes, correct))

    if classes == correct:
        totalCorrect += 1

    counter += 1
    if count%verbosity == 0:
        print('Predicting image {} out of {}'.format(count, len(allImages)))

print('total correct: {}/{} - {}%'.format(totalCorrect, counter, int(totalCorrect/counter * 100)))
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

基本上，它从目录中读取标签，并将其与我前面在脚本中创建的label列表进行比较。

在运行带有培训数据的脚本(我认为它会很高，因为它是在它上的训练)时，我得到：

代码语言：javascript
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AI代码解释
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Predicting image 600 out of 1097
Predicting image 650 out of 1097
Predicting image 700 out of 1097
Predicting image 750 out of 1097
Predicting image 800 out of 1097
Predicting image 850 out of 1097
Predicting image 900 out of 1097
Predicting image 950 out of 1097
Predicting image 1000 out of 1097
Predicting image 1050 out of 1097
total correct: 161/1097 - 14%

是什么使训练的准确性高，但在实践中却很低？

编辑:在详细模式下运行脚本：

代码语言：javascript
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AI代码解释
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Predicting image 0 out of 272
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: bald_uakari --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: bald_uakari --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: bald_uakari --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: bald_uakari
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
Predicting image 50 out of 272
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: black_headed_night_monkey
prediction: nilgiri_langur --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: pygmy_marmoset --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: nilgiri_langur --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: nilgiri_langur --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: common_squirrel_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: pygmy_marmoset --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: pygmy_marmoset --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: japanese_macaque
Predicting image 100 out of 272
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: japanese_macaque
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: mantled_howler
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: nilgiri_langur
Predicting image 150 out of 272
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: nilgiri_langur
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: nilgiri_langur --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: nilgiri_langur --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: nilgiri_langur --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: pygmy_marmoset --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: patas_monkey
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
Predicting image 200 out of 272
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: pygmy_marmoset --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: nilgiri_langur --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: pygmy_marmoset
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: nilgiri_langur --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: nilgiri_langur --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: patas_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: silvery_marmoset
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
Predicting image 250 out of 272
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: japanese_macaque --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: pygmy_marmoset --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: white_headed_capuchin --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
prediction: common_squirrel_monkey --> answer: white_headed_capuchin
total correct: 41/272 - 15%
deep-learning
keras
conv-neural-network
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回答 1

Stack Overflow用户

回答已采纳

发布于 2018-03-14 00:20:38

所以，事实证明，我使用了错误的通道输入模式。我使用的预先训练过的网络名为resnet50，它使用caffec样式的输入。

解决方案是从keras导入preprocess_image()，然后运行

img = preprocess_image(img)

另一个因素是我用cv2.imread加载图像。我不确定，但是这可能使用了resnet50所要求的错误的通道格式。另一种方法是使用keras的load_img()函数。

结论: val_acc在训练中普遍正确。如果您的预测精度很低，这可能是一个数据输入问题！

票数 1
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页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49213870

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