【干货】接口自动化测试编码实例分享

软件测试君

发布于 2023-09-14 16:41:57

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发布于 2023-09-14 16:41:57

文章被收录于专栏：测试人生

引言

本文主要对举例对国家气象局接口自动化测试进行讲解(Get请求及结果断言)，以达到自动化测试入门目的，除了前两篇的一些了解外，需要有一定的JAVA知识（HTTP相关）。

待测接口说明

1、国家气象局天气预报接口

例：北京市天气

接口的址：

http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101010100.html

请求方式：

GET

请求结果：

{
    "weatherinfo": {
        "city": "北京",
        "cityid": "101010100",
        "temp1": "15℃",
        "temp2": "5℃",
        "weather": "多云",
        "img1": "d1.gif",
        "img2": "n1.gif",
        "ptime": "08:00"
    }
}

2、测试目标

请求对应cityid代码，返回的城市是否是预期城市。

新建JAVA工程

1、工程结构说明

2、Common.java源码

package com.test.interfaces.demo;

import org.codehaus.jettison.json.JSONException;

import org.codehaus.jettison.json.JSONObject;

public class Common {

    /**
     * 解析Json内容
     *
     * @return JsonValue 返回JsonString中JsonId对应的Value
     */

    public static String getJsonValue(String JsonString, String JsonId) {

        String JsonValue = "";

        if (JsonString == null || JsonString.trim().length() < 1) {

            return null;

        }

        try {

            JSONObject obj1 = new JSONObject(JsonString);

            JsonValue = (String) obj1.getString(JsonId);

        } catch (JSONException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return JsonValue;

    }

}

3、GetCityWeathe.java源码

package com.test.interfaces.demo;


import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

public class GetCityWeather {

    private String url = "";


    public String geturl() {

        return url;

    }


    public String getHttpRespone(String cityCode) throws IOException {

        String line = "";

        String httpResults = "";

        url = ("http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/"

                + cityCode + ".html");

        try {

            HttpURLConnection connection = URLConnection.getConnection(url);

            // 建立实际的连接

            connection.connect();

            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(

                    connection.getInputStream()));

            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {

                httpResults = httpResults + line.toString();

            }

            reader.close();

            // 断开连接

            connection.disconnect();

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return httpResults;

    }

}

4、URLConnection.java源码

package com.test.interfaces.demo;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

public class URLConnection {

    public static HttpURLConnection getConnection(String url) {

        HttpURLConnection connection = null;

        try {

            // 打开和URL之间的连接

            URL postUrl = new URL(url);

            connection = (HttpURLConnection) postUrl.openConnection();

            // 设置通用的请求属性

            connection.setDoOutput(true);

            connection.setDoInput(true);

            connection.setRequestMethod("GET");

            connection.setUseCaches(false);

            connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);

            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");

            connection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "utf-8");

            connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return connection;

    }

}

编写测试用例

1、测试用例

如何返回值格式与请求格式固定，用例优化如下:

package com.test.interfaces.demo;

import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.Reporter;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import java.io.IOException;


public class TestWeataher {

    public String httpResult = null, weatherinfo = null, city = null, exp_city = null;

    public static String cityCode = "";

    GetCityWeather weather = new GetCityWeather();


    @Test(groups = {"BaseCase"})

    public void getShenZhen_Succ() throws IOException {

        exp_city = "深圳";

        cityCode = "101280601";

        resultCheck(cityCode, exp_city);

    }


    @Test(groups = {"BaseCase"})

    public void getBeiJing_Succ() throws IOException {

        exp_city = "北京";

        cityCode = "101010100";

        resultCheck(cityCode, exp_city);

    }


    @Test(groups = {"BaseCase"})

    public void getShangHai_Succ() throws IOException {

        exp_city = "上海";

        cityCode = "101020100";

        resultCheck(cityCode, exp_city);

    }


    public void resultCheck(String cityCode_str, String exp_city_str) throws IOException {

        Reporter.log("【正常用例】:获取" + exp_city_str + "天气成功!");

        httpResult = weather.getHttpRespone(cityCode_str);

        Reporter.log("请求地址: " + weather.geturl());

        Reporter.log("返回结果: " + httpResult);

        weatherinfo = Common.getJsonValue(httpResult, "weatherinfo");

        city = Common.getJsonValue(weatherinfo, "city");

        Reporter.log("用例结果: resultCode=>expected: " + exp_city_str + " ,actual: " + city);

        Assert.assertEquals(city, exp_city_str);

    }

}