将某些数据框行转换为pandas中的列

import pandas as pd

# 创建示例数据框
data = {
    'Student': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'],
    'Math': [90, 85, 88],
    'Science': [88, 92, 80],
    'History': [78, 85, 90]
}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)

print("原始数据框:")
print(df)

原始数据框:
    Student  Math  Science  History
0     Alice    90       88       78
1       Bob    85       92       85
2   Charlie    88       80       90

# 使用melt函数将宽格式转换为长格式
df_long = df.melt(id_vars=['Student'], var_name='Subject', value_name='Score')

print("\n转换后的长格式数据框:")
print(df_long)

转换后的长格式数据框:
    Student  Subject  Score
0     Alice     Math     90
1       Bob     Math     85
2   Charlie     Math     88
3     Alice  Science     88
4       Bob  Science     92
5   Charlie  Science     80
6     Alice  History     78
7       Bob  History     85
8   Charlie  History     90