MySQL中的WHERE
子句用于过滤查询结果,只返回满足特定条件的记录。WHERE
子句可以与各种比较运算符(如=
, <>
, <
, >
, <=
, >=
)以及逻辑运算符(如AND
, OR
, NOT
)结合使用,以构建复杂的查询条件。
WHERE
子句允许你根据多种条件筛选数据,从而得到精确的结果集。WHERE
子句有助于理解查询的目的和逻辑。SELECT * FROM table WHERE column = value;
。SELECT * FROM table WHERE column1 = value1 AND (column2 > value2 OR column3 < value3);
。SELECT * FROM table WHERE column BETWEEN value1 AND value2;
。BETWEEN
时包含边界值?BETWEEN
操作符在MySQL中默认包含边界值。SELECT * FROM table WHERE column > value1 AND column < value2;
。WHERE
子句中的空值?NULL
)不等于任何值,包括空值本身。IS NULL
或IS NOT NULL
来检查字段是否为空值,如SELECT * FROM table WHERE column IS NULL;
。WHERE
子句?WHERE
子句可能导致查询性能下降。WHERE
子句中的字段已经建立了索引。假设我们有一个名为employees
的表,其中包含员工的信息。以下是一些使用WHERE
子句的示例查询:
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department = 'Sales';
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary BETWEEN 50000 AND 100000;
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department = 'Marketing' AND (salary > 60000 OR years_of_experience < 3);
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