在Linux系统中,主线程(main thread)是程序启动时创建的第一个线程,负责执行程序的主要逻辑。子线程(sub-thread)是由主线程创建的额外线程,用于执行并发任务。串口(Serial Port)是一种用于数据传输的通信接口,通常用于连接外部设备,如传感器、打印机等。
原因:可能是由于主线程阻塞或子线程处理速度不够快导致的。
解决方法:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <termios.h>
#define SERIAL_PORT "/dev/ttyUSB0"
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
void *read_serial(void *arg) {
int fd = *(int *)arg;
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
while (1) {
int n = read(fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
if (n > 0) {
// 处理读取的数据
printf("Received data: %.*s\n", n, buffer);
}
}
return NULL;
}
int main() {
int fd = open(SERIAL_PORT, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY);
if (fd == -1) {
perror("Failed to open serial port");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
struct termios options;
tcgetattr(fd, &options);
cfsetispeed(&options, B9600);
cfsetospeed(&options, B9600);
options.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD);
options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
options.c_cflag |= CS8;
tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &options);
pthread_t thread_id;
pthread_create(&thread_id, NULL, read_serial, &fd);
pthread_detach(thread_id);
// 主线程执行其他任务
while (1) {
sleep(1);
}
close(fd);
return 0;
}
参考链接:Serial Port Programming in Linux
原因:可能是由于子线程和主线程之间的数据共享和同步机制不当导致的。
解决方法:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <termios.h>
#define SERIAL_PORT "/dev/ttyUSB0"
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
char shared_buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
void *read_serial(void *arg) {
int fd = *(int *)arg;
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
while (1) {
int n = read(fd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
if (n > 0) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
strncpy(shared_buffer, buffer, n);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
}
}
return NULL;
}
int main() {
int fd = open(SERIAL_PORT, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY);
if (fd == -1) {
perror("Failed to open serial port");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
struct termios options;
tcgetattr(fd, &options);
cfsetispeed(&options, B9600);
cfsetospeed(&options, B9600);
options.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD);
options.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
options.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
options.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
options.c_cflag |= CS8;
tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &options);
pthread_t thread_id;
pthread_create(&thread_id, NULL, read_serial, &fd);
pthread_detach(thread_id);
while (1) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
if (strlen(shared_buffer) > 0) {
printf("Main thread received data: %s\n", shared_buffer);
memset(shared_buffer, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
sleep(1);
}
close(fd);
return 0;
}
参考链接:POSIX Threads Programming
通过上述示例代码和解释,可以解决Linux主线程和子线程在串口通信中遇到的常见问题。关键在于合理设计线程间的同步机制,确保数据的完整性和一致性。
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