通过对该组件使用注入的JobBuilderFactory，可以将批处理作业创建为@Component

import org.springframework.batch.core.Job;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.JobBuilderFactory;
import org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.StepBuilderFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class BatchConfig {

    @Autowired
    private JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory;

    @Autowired
    private StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory;

    @Bean
    public Job sampleJob() {
        return jobBuilderFactory.get("sampleJob")
                .start(sampleStep())
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    protected Step sampleStep() {
        return stepBuilderFactory.get("sampleStep")
                .<String, String>chunk(10)
                .reader(reader())
                .writer(writer())
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public ItemReader<String> reader() {
        // 配置ItemReader
        return new ListItemReader<>(Arrays.asList("Item1", "Item2", "Item3"));
    }

    @Bean
    public ItemWriter<String> writer() {
        // 配置ItemWriter
        return items -> {
            for (String item : items) {
                System.out.println("Writing item: " + item);
            }
        };
    }
}

@Configuration
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class BatchConfig {

    @Bean
    public JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory() {
        return new JobBuilderFactory();
    }

    // 其他配置...
}