用一维矩阵索引2D矩阵

# 定义一个二维矩阵
matrix = [
    [1, 2, 3],
    [4, 5, 6],
    [7, 8, 9]
]

# 将二维矩阵转换为一维数组（行优先存储）
one_dim_array = [element for row in matrix for element in row]

# 定义一个函数，通过一维索引访问二维矩阵元素
def get_2d_element(matrix, one_dim_array, row, col):
    # 计算一维数组中的索引
    index = row * len(matrix[0]) + col
    return one_dim_array[index]

# 测试函数
print(get_2d_element(matrix, one_dim_array, 1, 1))  # 输出: 5

def safe_get_2d_element(matrix, one_dim_array, row, col):
    if 0 <= row < len(matrix) and 0 <= col < len(matrix[0]):
        index = row * len(matrix[0]) + col
        return one_dim_array[index]
    else:
        raise IndexError("Index out of bounds")

# 测试安全访问函数
try:
    print(safe_get_2d_element(matrix, one_dim_array, 3, 1))  # 这将引发IndexError
except IndexError as e:
    print(e)