文件名按模式分组，并从每个组中仅选择一个

import os
import random

def group_files_by_extension(directory):
    file_groups = {}
    for filename in os.listdir(directory):
        if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(directory, filename)):
            ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1]
            if ext not in file_groups:
                file_groups[ext] = []
            file_groups[ext].append(filename)
    return file_groups

def select_one_file_from_each_group(file_groups):
    selected_files = {}
    for ext, files in file_groups.items():
        if files:
            selected_files[ext] = random.choice(files)
    return selected_files

# 示例用法
directory = '/path/to/your/directory'
file_groups = group_files_by_extension(directory)
selected_files = select_one_file_from_each_group(file_groups)

print(selected_files)