如何将字符串可移植转换为不常见的整数类型？

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include <stdexcept>

int main() {
    std::string str = "1010";
    try {
        int num = std::stoi(str, nullptr, 2);
        std::cout << "The binary string "<< str << " is equivalent to the integer "<< num<< std::endl;
    } catch (std::invalid_argument &e) {
        std::cout << "Invalid argument: " << e.what()<< std::endl;
    } catch (std::out_of_range &e) {
        std::cout << "Out of range: " << e.what()<< std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

#include<iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include<string>
#include <stdexcept>

int main() {
    std::string str = "1010";
    int base = 2;
    int num;
    std::istringstream iss(str);
    iss >> num;
    if (iss.fail()) {
        std::cout << "Failed to convert string to integer"<< std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "The "<< base << " string "<< str << " is equivalent to the integer "<< num<< std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<boost/lexical_cast.hpp>

int main() {
    std::string str = "1010";
    try {
        int num = boost::lexical_cast<int>(str);
        std::cout << "The string "<< str << " is equivalent to the integer "<< num<< std::endl;
    } catch (boost::bad_lexical_cast &e) {
        std::cout << "Failed to convert string to integer: " << e.what()<< std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}