如何在subscribe方法中访问组件变量

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-example',
  templateUrl: './example.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./example.component.css']
})
export class ExampleComponent implements OnInit {
  componentVariable: string;

  ngOnInit(): void {
    const observable = new Observable((observer) => {
      // 模拟异步操作
      setTimeout(() => {
        observer.next('数据已更新');
        observer.complete();
      }, 2000);
    });

    observable.subscribe({
      next: (data) => {
        this.componentVariable = data; // 访问组件变量
      },
      error: (error) => {
        console.error(error);
      },
      complete: () => {
        console.log('订阅已完成');
      }
    });
  }
}