在数据转换过程中避免重复代码

def convert_to_uppercase(data):
    if isinstance(data, str):
        return data.upper()
    elif isinstance(data, list):
        return [convert_to_uppercase(item) for item in data]
    return data

# 应用场景示例
data1 = "hello world"
data2 = ["hello", "world"]
print(convert_to_uppercase(data1))  # 输出: HELLO WORLD
print(convert_to_uppercase(data2))  # 输出: ['HELLO', 'WORLD']

from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

class Converter(ABC):
    @abstractmethod
    def convert(self, data):
        pass

class UpperCaseConverter(Converter):
    def convert(self, data):
        if isinstance(data, str):
            return data.upper()
        elif isinstance(data, list):
            return [self.convert(item) for item in data]
        return data

class LowerCaseConverter(Converter):
    def convert(self, data):
        if isinstance(data, str):
            return data.lower()
        elif isinstance(data, list):
            return [self.convert(item) for item in data]
        return data

def apply_converter(converter, data):
    return converter.convert(data)

# 应用场景示例
converter = UpperCaseConverter()
print(apply_converter(converter, "hello world"))  # 输出: HELLO WORLD

converter = LowerCaseConverter()
print(apply_converter(converter, "HELLO WORLD"))  # 输出: hello world