使用Spring JPA的自定义sql语句

@Entity
public class User {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private String email;
    // getters and setters
}

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import java.util.List;

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {

    // 根据名称查找用户
    @Query("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.name = ?1")
    List<User> findByName(String name);

    // 查找所有用户的电子邮件
    @Query("SELECT u.email FROM User u")
    List<String> findAllEmails();
}

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {

    // 使用原生 SQL 根据名称查找用户
    @Query(value = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = ?1", nativeQuery = true)
    List<User> findByNameNative(String name);
}

@Entity
@NamedQuery(name = "User.findByEmail", query = "SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.email = ?1")
public class User {
    // ...
}

public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {

    List<User> findByEmail(String email);
}

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import javax.persistence.TypedQuery;
import java.util.List;

@Service
public class UserService {

    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager entityManager;

    public List<User> findUsersByName(String name) {
        TypedQuery<User> query = entityManager.createQuery(
            "SELECT u FROM User u WHERE u.name = :name", User.class);
        query.setParameter("name", name);
        return query.getResultList();
    }
}

@SpringBootTest
@Sql(scripts = "/test-data.sql", executionPhase = Sql.ExecutionPhase.BEFORE_TEST_METHOD)
public class UserRepositoryIntegrationTest {

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @Test
    void testFindByName() {
        // 测试逻辑
    }
}