使用Ruby在哈希数组中进行递归(或常规搜索)搜索

def recursive_search(hash_array, key)
  hash_array.each do |item|
    if item.is_a?(Hash)
      return item[key] if item.key?(key)
      recursive_search(item.values, key)
    end
  end
  nil
end

# 示例用法
hash_array = [
  { name: 'Alice', age: 25 },
  { name: 'Bob', age: 30, address: { city: 'New York', country: 'USA' } },
  { name: 'Charlie', age: 35, address: { city: 'London', country: 'UK' } }
]

result = recursive_search(hash_array, :city)
puts result
# 输出：New York

def iterative_search(hash_array, key)
  stack = hash_array.dup
  while !stack.empty?
    item = stack.pop
    if item.is_a?(Hash)
      return item[key] if item.key?(key)
      stack.concat(item.values)
    end
  end
  nil
end

# 示例用法与上面相同
result = iterative_search(hash_array, :city)
puts result
# 输出：New York