USART(Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)是一种常见的串行通信接口,广泛应用于微控制器和嵌入式系统中。它支持同步和异步通信模式,能够进行全双工数据传输。
要从内核访问USART,通常需要编写设备驱动程序。以下是一个简单的示例,展示如何在Linux内核中配置和使用USART。
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/serial_core.h>
#include <linux/serial_reg.h>
#include <linux/serial.h>
static struct uart_port uart_port;
static int __init uart_init(void) {
struct uart_driver *uart_drv = &uart_driver;
struct uart_state *state;
uart_drv->owner = THIS_MODULE;
uart_drv->driver_name = "uart";
uart_drv->dev_name = "ttyS0";
uart_drv->major = 204;
uart_drv->minor = 64;
uart_drv->nr = 1;
state = uart_get_state(uart_drv, 0);
if (!state) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to get UART state\n");
return -ENODEV;
}
uart_port.port = state->port[0];
uart_port.iobase = 0x3F8; // COM1 base address on x86
uart_port.irq = 4; // COM1 IRQ on x86
uart_port.uartclk = 1843200; // 1.8432 MHz
if (uart_add_one_port(uart_drv, &uart_port) < 0) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Failed to add UART port\n");
return -ENODEV;
}
printk(KERN_INFO "UART driver loaded\n");
return 0;
}
static void __exit uart_exit(void) {
struct uart_driver *uart_drv = &uart_driver;
uart_remove_one_port(uart_drv, &uart_port);
uart_drv->unregister(uart_drv);
printk(KERN_INFO "UART driver unloaded\n");
}
module_init(uart_init);
module_exit(uart_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Your Name");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Simple UART driver");
通过以上步骤和示例代码,你应该能够从内核访问USART并进行数据传输。如果遇到具体问题,请提供更多详细信息以便进一步诊断和解决。
领取专属 10元无门槛券
手把手带您无忧上云