现代 Java 实现数字华容道石头迷阵游戏的项目实战教程与项目实战技巧

<!-- pom.xml -->
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
        <artifactId>javafx-controls</artifactId>
        <version>17.0.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
        <artifactId>javafx-fxml</artifactId>
        <version>17.0.2</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

// 位置记录类
public record Position(int row, int col) {}

// 游戏状态枚举
public enum GameState {
    PLAYING, WON, RESET
}

// 密封类定义移动方向
public sealed interface Direction permits Up, Down, Left, Right {
    Position getDelta();
}

public record Up() implements Direction {
    @Override
    public Position getDelta() {
        return new Position(-1, 0);
    }
}

// 其他方向实现类似...

public class GameController {
    private final int size = 4;
    private int[][] board;
    private Position emptyPos;
    private GameState state = GameState.RESET;

    public GameController() {
        resetGame();
    }

    public void resetGame() {
        board = new int[size][size];
        int value = 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
                board[i][j] = value++;
            }
        }
        board[size-1][size-1] = 0; // 空白块
        emptyPos = new Position(size-1, size-1);
        shuffleBoard();
        state = GameState.PLAYING;
    }

    private void shuffleBoard() {
        // 使用Fisher-Yates算法随机打乱
        Random random = new Random();
        for (int i = size * size - 1; i > 0; i--) {
            int row = i / size;
            int col = i % size;
            int randomIndex = random.nextInt(i + 1);
            int randomRow = randomIndex / size;
            int randomCol = randomIndex % size;
            
            swap(row, col, randomRow, randomCol);
        }
        // 确保游戏有解（此处简化处理）
        if (!isSolvable()) shuffleBoard();
    }

    public boolean move(Direction direction) {
        Position delta = direction.getDelta();
        int newRow = emptyPos.row() + delta.row();
        int newCol = emptyPos.col() + delta.col();

        if (isValidMove(newRow, newCol)) {
            swap(emptyPos.row(), emptyPos.col(), newRow, newCol);
            emptyPos = new Position(newRow, newCol);
            if (isGameWon()) {
                state = GameState.WON;
            }
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    // 其他方法...
}

<!-- src/main/resources/com/example/game/main.fxml -->
<VBox alignment="CENTER" spacing="20" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml">
    <Label text="数字华容道" style="-fx-font-size: 24px; -fx-font-weight: bold;" />
    <GridPane fx:id="gameBoard" hgap="5" vgap="5" alignment="CENTER" />
    <HBox alignment="CENTER" spacing="20">
        <Button text="重置游戏" onAction="#handleReset" />
        <Button text="退出" onAction="#handleExit" />
    </HBox>
    <Label fx:id="statusLabel" text="游戏开始！" style="-fx-font-size: 16px;" />
</VBox>

public class GameViewController implements Initializable {
    @FXML private GridPane gameBoard;
    @FXML private Label statusLabel;
    
    private final GameController controller = new GameController();
    private final Map<Integer, Button> tileButtons = new HashMap<>();
    
    @Override
    public void initialize(URL location, ResourceBundle resources) {
        initBoard();
        controller.addListener(this::updateView);
    }
    
    private void initBoard() {
        gameBoard.getChildren().clear();
        tileButtons.clear();
        
        int[][] board = controller.getBoard();
        for (int i = 0; i < board.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < board[i].length; j++) {
                int value = board[i][j];
                Button tile = createTileButton(value, i, j);
                gameBoard.add(tile, j, i);
                tileButtons.put(value, tile);
            }
        }
    }
    
    private Button createTileButton(int value, int row, int col) {
        Button button = new Button(value == 0 ? "" : String.valueOf(value));
        button.setPrefSize(80, 80);
        button.getStyleClass().add("tile");
        
        if (value != 0) {
            button.setOnAction(e -> controller.move(getDirection(row, col)));
        } else {
            button.setVisible(false);
        }
        
        return button;
    }
    
    // 其他方法...
}

private void animateMove(int fromRow, int fromCol, int toRow, int toCol) {
    Button tile = tileButtons.get(controller.getValueAt(fromRow, fromCol));
    
    TranslateTransition transition = new TranslateTransition(
        Duration.millis(300), tile
    );
    
    double deltaX = (toCol - fromCol) * tile.getPrefWidth();
    double deltaY = (toRow - fromRow) * tile.getPrefHeight();
    
    transition.setByX(deltaX);
    transition.setByY(deltaY);
    transition.setInterpolator(Interpolator.EASE_BOTH);
    transition.play();
}

/* src/main/resources/com/example/game/styles.css */
.tile {
    -fx-font-size: 24px;
    -fx-background-color: #4a86e8;
    -fx-text-fill: white;
    -fx-background-radius: 10px;
    -fx-effect: dropshadow(gaussian, rgba(0,0,0,0.3), 10, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0);
}

.tile:pressed {
    -fx-background-color: #3a76d8;
}

#statusLabel {
    -fx-text-fill: #333333;
}

<!-- pom.xml -->
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.openjfx</groupId>
    <artifactId>javafx-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.8</version>
    <configuration>
        <mainClass>com.example.game.Main</mainClass>
    </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.10.1</version>
    <configuration>
        <source>17</source>
        <target>17</target>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

mvn clean javafx:jlink