供应链管理涉及从原材料采购到最终产品交付的一系列复杂流程,包括众多参与方、大量的物流和信息流交互。传统的供应链管理面临着信息不透明、数据篡改风险、可追溯性差以及信任建立困难等诸多挑战。区块链技术的出现为解决这些问题提供了创新的解决方案,正在重塑供应链管理的格局。
区块链是一种分布式账本技术,它以区块为单位,将数据按照时间顺序连接成链。每个区块包含了一定时间内的交易信息,并通过密码学技术保证数据的完整性、不可篡改和安全性。
from web3 import Web3
# 连接到以太坊节点(这里假设是本地节点)
w3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('http://127.0.0.1:8545'))
# 定义一个简单的智能合约结构(简化示例)
product_tracing_abi = [
{
"constant": False,
"inputs": [
{"name": "productId", "type": "string"},
{"name": "originInfo", "type": "string"}
],
"name": "addProductOrigin",
"outputs": [],
"payable": False,
"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
"type": "function"
},
{
"constant": False,
"inputs": [
{"name": "productId", "type": "string"},
{"name": "processInfo", "type": "string"}
],
"name": "addProductionProcess",
"outputs": [],
"payable": False,
"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
"type": "function"
},
{
"constant": False,
"inputs": [
{"name": "productId", "type": "string"},
{"name": "transportInfo", "type": "string"}
],
"name": "addTransportation",
"outputs": [],
"payable": False,
"stateMutability": "nonpayable",
"type": "function"
},
{
"constant": True,
"inputs": [{"name": "productId", "type": "string"}],
"name": "getProductInfo",
"outputs": [
{"name": "", "type": "string[]"},
{"name": "", "type": "string[]"},
{"name": "", "type": "string[]"}
],
"payable": False,
"stateMutability": "view",
"type": "function"
}
]
# 智能合约地址(假设已经部署)
contract_address = '0x1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef12345678'
product_tracing_contract = w3.eth.contract(address=contract_address, abi=product_tracing_abi)
# 添加产品来源信息的函数
def add_product_origin(product_id, origin_info):
account = w3.eth.accounts[0]
nonce = w3.eth.getTransactionCount(account)
txn = product_tracing_contract.functions.addProductOrigin(product_id, origin_info).buildTransaction({
'gas': 2000000,
'gasPrice': w3.toWei('1', 'gwei'),
'from': account,
'nonce': nonce
})
signed_txn = w3.eth.account.signTransaction(txn, private_key='YOUR_PRIVATE_KEY')
w3.eth.sendRawTransaction(signed_txn.rawTransaction)
# 添加生产过程信息的函数
def add_production_process(product_id, process_info):
account = w3.eth.accounts[0]
nonce = w3.eth.getTransactionCount(account)
txn = product_tracing_contract.functions.addProductionProcess(product_id, process_info).buildTransaction({
'gas': 2000000,
'gasPrice': w3.toWei('1', 'gwei'),
'from': account,
'nonce': nonce
})
signed_txn = w3.eth.account.signTransaction(txn, private_key='YOUR_PRIVATE_KEY')
w3.eth.sendRawTransaction(signed_txn.rawTransaction)
# 添加运输信息的函数
def add_transportation(product_id, transport_info):
account = w3.eth.accounts[0]
nonce = w3.eth.getTransactionCount(account)
txn = product_tracing_contract.functions.addTransportation(product_id, transport_info).buildTransaction({
'gas': 2000000,
'gasPrice': w3.toWei('1', 'gwei'),
'from': account,
'nonce': nonce
})
signed_txn = w3.eth.account.signTransaction(txn, private_key='YOUR_PRIVATE_KEY')
w3.eth.sendRawTransaction(signed_txn.rawTransaction)
# 获取产品信息的函数
def get_product_info(product_id):
return product_tracing_contract.functions.getProductInfo(product_id).call()
# 假设这是一个简单的区块链数据结构,存储企业信用数据
blockchain_data = {
"companies": {
"company1": {
"credit": "good",
"orders": [
{"orderId": "1", "amount": 1000, "status": "completed"},
{"orderId": "2", "amount": 2000, "status": "pending"}
]
},
"company2": {
"credit": "fair",
"orders": [
{"orderId": "3", "amount": 500, "status": "completed"},
{"orderId": "4", "amount": 800, "status": "cancelled"}
]
}
}
}
def query_company_credit(company_id):
if company_id in blockchain_data["companies"]:
return blockchain_data["companies"][company_id]["credit"]
return "Company not found"
# 假设这是一个简单的区块链数据结构来存储物流信息
logistics_blockchain = {}
def update_logistics_info(product_id, location, status):
if product_id not in logistics_blockchain:
logistics_blockchain[product_id] = []
logistics_blockchain[product_id].append({
"location": location,
"status": status
})
区块链在供应链管理中的创新应用为解决传统供应链管理中的诸多问题提供了新的思路和方法。尽管目前还面临一些挑战,但随着技术的不断发展、法规的逐步完善和人才的不断涌现,区块链有望在供应链管理领域发挥更大的作用,推动供应链管理向更加高效、透明、可信的方向发展。
原创声明:本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表,未经许可,不得转载。
如有侵权,请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。
原创声明:本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表,未经许可,不得转载。
如有侵权,请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。