在Jackson库中,@JsonRawValue
注解用于指示Jackson将属性的值直接作为原始JSON输出,而不进行任何转义或处理。这在JSON Schema生成中特别有用,当你需要将某些属性表示为复杂的JSON对象而不是简单的字符串时。
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonRawValue;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.jsonSchema.JsonSchema;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.jsonSchema.JsonSchemaGenerator;
public class JsonSchemaExample {
public static class MyData {
private String name;
@JsonRawValue
private String rawJson;
// getters and setters
public String getName() { return name; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
public String getRawJson() { return rawJson; }
public void setRawJson(String rawJson) { this.rawJson = rawJson; }
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
JsonSchemaGenerator schemaGen = new JsonSchemaGenerator(mapper);
JsonSchema schema = schemaGen.generateSchema(MyData.class);
System.out.println(mapper.writerWithDefaultPrettyPrinter()
.writeValueAsString(schema));
}
}
如果需要更精细的控制,可以实现自定义的Schema生成器:
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JavaType;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.jsonSchema.JsonSchema;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.jsonSchema.factories.SchemaFactoryWrapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.jsonSchema.types.ObjectSchema;
public class CustomSchemaGenerator {
public static class MyData {
@JsonRawValue
private String complexObject;
// getter and setter
public String getComplexObject() { return complexObject; }
public void setComplexObject(String complexObject) { this.complexObject = complexObject; }
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
SchemaFactoryWrapper visitor = new SchemaFactoryWrapper() {
@Override
public JsonSchema schemaFor(JavaType type) {
if (type.getRawClass().equals(String.class) &&
getCurrentProperty() != null &&
getCurrentProperty().getAnnotation(JsonRawValue.class) != null) {
// 创建一个ObjectSchema来表示原始JSON
ObjectSchema schema = new ObjectSchema();
schema.setTitle(getCurrentProperty().getName());
return schema;
}
return super.schemaFor(type);
}
};
mapper.acceptJsonFormatVisitor(MyData.class, visitor);
JsonSchema schema = visitor.finalSchema();
System.out.println(mapper.writerWithDefaultPrettyPrinter()
.writeValueAsString(schema));
}
}
@JsonRawValue
时要确保注入的JSON是可信的,否则可能引发安全问题问题:生成的Schema没有正确反映原始JSON的类型
解决方案:实现自定义的SchemaFactoryWrapper,如上面的示例所示,专门处理带有@JsonRawValue
注解的属性。
问题:原始JSON字符串包含无效的JSON语法
解决方案:在设置原始JSON字符串之前,先验证其有效性:
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
public class JsonValidator {
public static boolean isValidJson(String json) {
try {
final ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.readTree(json);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
return false;
}
}
}
使用这种方式可以确保只有有效的JSON字符串才会被设置为@JsonRawValue
属性的值。