Swift循环通过[String: Any]并获取Struct或Class属性的差异

// 假设有一个Person结构体和一个Student类
struct Person {
    var name: String
    var age: Int
}

class Student {
    var name: String
    var age: Int
    init(name: String, age: Int) {
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
    }
}

// 假设有一个包含Person实例的字典
let personDict: [String: Any] = ["name": "Alice", "age": 30]

// 从字典中提取Person实例
if let name = personDict["name"] as? String, let age = personDict["age"] as? Int {
    let person = Person(name: name, age: age)
    print(person.name, person.age) // 输出: Alice 30
}

// 访问Person结构体的属性
print(person.name) // 输出: Alice
print(person.age)  // 输出: 30

// 访问Student类的属性
let student = Student(name: "Bob", age: 20)
print(student.name) // 输出: Bob
print(student.age)  // 输出: 20

if let age = personDict["age"] as? String { // 错误：应该转换为Int
    // ...
}

if let age = personDict["age"] as? Int { // 正确
    // ...
}

if let address = personDict["address"] as? String { // 错误：键"address"不存在
    // ...
}

if let address = personDict["address"] as? String {
    // ...
} else {
    print("Address not found")
}