用于标识数组中缺少值的记录的SQL查询

CREATE TABLE records (
    id INT,
    value INT
);

INSERT INTO records (id, value)
VALUES (1, 10),
       (2, 20),
       (3, 30),
       (4, 40);

CREATE TABLE values (
    value INT
);

INSERT INTO values (value)
VALUES (10),
       (20),
       (30),
       (40),
       (50);

SELECT v.value
FROM values v
LEFT JOIN records r ON v.value = r.value
WHERE r.value IS NULL;