如何获取变量值并在Oracle查询中使用？

DECLARE
  variable_name data_type;
BEGIN
  variable_name := value;
  
  SELECT column_name
  FROM table_name
  WHERE column_name = variable_name;
END;

VARIABLE variable_name data_type;
EXEC :variable_name := value;

SELECT column_name
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name = :variable_name;

WITH temp_table AS (
  SELECT value AS variable_name
  FROM dual
)
SELECT column_name
FROM table_name, temp_table
WHERE column_name = temp_table.variable_name;