@KafkaListener是Spring Kafka提供的注解,用于监听Kafka主题并处理接收到的消息。而Flux和Mono是Reactive编程模型中的两个关键类,用于处理异步流式数据。
要将@KafkaListener注释方法与Flux或Mono一起使用,可以按照以下步骤进行操作:
下面是一个示例代码:
@Configuration
@EnableKafka
public class KafkaConsumerConfig {
@Value("${spring.kafka.bootstrap-servers}")
private String bootstrapServers;
@Value("${spring.kafka.consumer.group-id}")
private String groupId;
@Bean
public Map<String, Object> consumerConfigs() {
Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServers);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, groupId);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
return props;
}
@Bean
public ConsumerFactory<String, String> consumerFactory() {
return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(consumerConfigs());
}
@Bean
public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> kafkaListenerContainerFactory() {
ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
return factory;
}
}
@Service
public class KafkaConsumerService {
@KafkaListener(topics = "myTopic", groupId = "myGroupId")
public Flux<String> consumeMessages(ConsumerRecord<String, String> record) {
return Flux.fromIterable(Collections.singletonList(record.value()));
}
}
@RestController
public class KafkaController {
private final KafkaConsumerService consumerService;
public KafkaController(KafkaConsumerService consumerService) {
this.consumerService = consumerService;
}
@GetMapping("/messages")
public Flux<String> getMessages() {
return consumerService.consumeMessages();
}
}
在上述示例中,KafkaConsumerConfig类用于配置Kafka消费者,KafkaConsumerService类使用@KafkaListener注解标记consumeMessages方法来监听Kafka主题,并将接收到的消息转换为Flux流。KafkaController类则提供了一个REST接口,通过调用getMessages方法来获取消息流。
这样,当有消息到达指定的Kafka主题时,consumeMessages方法会被自动调用,并将接收到的消息转换为Flux流返回给调用方。
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