在pyqt5界面中动态更新matplotlib画布

import sys
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QWidget
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas

class MatplotlibWidget(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MatplotlibWidget, self).__init__(parent)
        self.figure = plt.figure()
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(self.canvas)
        self.setLayout(layout)

class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__()
        self.setWindowTitle("Dynamic Update Matplotlib Canvas")
        self.matplotlib_widget = MatplotlibWidget(self)
        self.setCentralWidget(self.matplotlib_widget)

    def update_canvas(self):
        # 清空画布
        self.matplotlib_widget.figure.clear()
        # 在画布上绘制新的图形
        ax = self.matplotlib_widget.figure.add_subplot(111)
        ax.plot([1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 4, 9, 16])
        # 更新画布
        self.matplotlib_widget.canvas.draw()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    main_window = MainWindow()
    main_window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())