分解由字典和元组列表组成的复杂数据结构，提取公共元素

def extract_common_elements(data):
    elements = []
    for item in data:
        if isinstance(item, dict):
            elements.extend(item.values())
        elif isinstance(item, list):
            elements.extend(item)
        elif isinstance(item, tuple):
            elements.extend(list(item))
    
    unique_elements = set(elements)
    common_elements = []
    for element in unique_elements:
        if all(element in item for item in data):
            common_elements.append(element)
    
    return common_elements

data = [
    {'a': 1, 'b': 2},
    ('c', 'd', 'e'),
    ['a', 'c', 'f']
]

result = extract_common_elements(data)
print(result)

['c']