使用Perl解析XML元素和属性

cpan install XML::LibXML

use strict;
use warnings;
use XML::LibXML;

my $xml_string = <<'XML';
<books>
    <book id="1">
        <title>Perl Programming</title>
        <author>John Doe</author>
    </book>
    <book id="2">
        <title>Learning XML</title>
        <author>Jane Doe</author>
    </book>
</books>
XML

my $parser = XML::LibXML->new();
my $doc = $parser->parse_string($xml_string);

# 获取所有book元素
my @books = $doc->findnodes('/books/book');

foreach my $book (@books) {
    # 获取book元素的id属性
    my $id = $book->getAttribute('id');

    # 获取title和author元素的文本内容
    my $title = $book->findvalue('title');
    my $author = $book->findvalue('author');

    print "Book ID: $id, Title: $title, Author: $author
";
}

cpan install XML::Simple

use strict;
use warnings;
use XML::Simple;

my $xml_string = <<'XML';
<books>
    <book id="1">
        <title>Perl Programming</title>
        <author>John Doe</author>
    </book>
    <book id="2">
        <title>Learning XML</title>
        <author>Jane Doe</author>
    </book>
</books>
XML

my $xml = XMLin($xml_string, KeyAttr => ['book', 'id']);

foreach my $id (keys %{$xml->{book}}) {
    my $title = $xml->{book}->{$id}->{title};
    my $author = $xml->{book}->{$id}->{author};

    print "Book ID: $id, Title: $title, Author: $author
";
}