MYSQL-多种方法安装部署

#我们这里使用的是遗留项目使用最多的版本 
wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
tar xvf mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

#这是因为mysql需要使用普通用户来启动 
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

# 创建数据目录
mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql
# 设置权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql*
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql

# 进入 MySQL 目录
cd /usr/local/mysql

# 初始化数据库
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/var/lib/mysql
#初始化会生成初始密码，后面登录会用到 

# 创建配置文件目录（如果不存在）
mkdir -p /etc/mysql

# 创建配置文件
cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
port = 3306

log-error = /var/log/mysql/mysql-error.log
pid-file = /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid

# 性能优化相关配置
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
max_connections = 100

[client]
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
EOF

# 创建日志和运行目录
mkdir -p /var/log/mysql /var/run/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mysql /var/run/mysql

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld \
  --user=mysql \
  --daemonize \
  --pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid

#3306是mysql的默认端口 
[root@localhost mysql]# ps -ef |grep mysql
mysql     1192     1  0 22:31 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid
root      1242  1096  0 22:31 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -lnp |grep mysql
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      1192/mysqld         
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     18996    1192/mysqld          /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[root@localhost mysql]# 

[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p"K-ikx)v:I6l#"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.44

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

#下载源repo文件
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

#安装源
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm 
warning: mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql57-community-release-el7-11 ################################# [100%]

#安装数据库
#--nogpgcheck如果不加这个会因为密钥验证不通过，无法安装 
yum install -y mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck

systemctl start mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld

#从日志里面查看默认密码 
[root@localhost ~]# tail -100f /var/log/mysqld.log  |grep password
2025-09-14T15:05:28.555096Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ot>Sp<0j5Nwq

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2025-09-14 23:05:42 CST; 1min 37s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
 Main PID: 1335 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─1335 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Sep 14 23:05:25 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Sep 14 23:05:42 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p"ot>Sp<0j5Nwq"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.44

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>