安装Docker-使用YUM

原创

郑郑SunUp

修改于 2025-01-08 13:51:25

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文章被收录于专栏：DockerDocker

1、安装前提条件

1.1 系统要求

Docker运行在CentOS7上，要求系统为64位、系统内核版本为3.10以上。

[root@CentOS7_Master_Docker_001 ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64

1.2 防火墙关闭

[root@CentOS7_Master_Docker_001 ~]# firewall-cmd --state
not running

1.3 sestatus关闭

#查看selinux状态

[root@localhost ~]# sestatus  
SELinux status:                 enabled  
SELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinux  
SELinux root directory:         /etc/selinux  
Loaded policy name:             targeted  
Current mode:                   enforcing  
Mode from config file:          enforcing  
Policy MLS status:              enabled  
Policy deny_unknown status:     allowed  
Max kernel policy version:      28



#永久关闭
#可以修改配置文件/etc/selinux/config,将其中SELINUX设置为disabled
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.  
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:  
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.  
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.  
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.  
#SELINUX=enforcing  
SELINUX=disabled  
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:  
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,  
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.   
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.  
SELINUXTYPE=targeted


[root@rdo ~]# sestatus  
SELinux status:                 disabled

2、使用YUM源部署

2.1 找到开源的yum源

阿里云开源镜像网站官网

点击容器

找到docker-ce

找到CentOS-yum安装

2.2 下载

[root@CentOS7_Master_Docker_001 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
--2025-01-08 12:16:01--  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
正在解析主机 mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 124.95.170.222, 125.38.11.90, 39.91.185.210, ...
正在连接 mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|124.95.170.222|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：2081 (2.0K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “/etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo”

100%[============================================================================================================================================>] 2,081       --.-K/s 用时 0s      

2025-01-08 12:16:02 (401 MB/s) - 已保存 “/etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo” [2081/2081])

2.3 下载是否成功

[root@CentOS7_Master_Docker_001 ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo         CentOS-CR.repo         CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo  CentOS-x86_64-kernel.repo
CentOS-Base.repo.backup  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Media.repo      CentOS-Vault.repo    docker-ce.repo

2.4 验证 docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64 是否有软件包

[root@CentOS7_Master_Docker_001 ~]# yum repolist
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base                                                                                                                                                           | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
docker-ce-stable                                                                                                                                               | 3.5 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                                         | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                                        | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                                    |   55 B  00:00:00     
(2/2): docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                    | 152 kB  00:00:00     
源标识                                                                           源名称                                                                                         状态
base/7/x86_64                                                                    CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                                                           10,072
docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64                                                        Docker CE Stable - x86_64                                                                         337
extras/7/x86_64                                                                  CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                                                            526
updates/7/x86_64                                                                 CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com                                                         6,173
repolist: 17,108

2.5 安装Docker-ce

在docker host上安装即可，本次使用YUM源中稳定版本，由于版本在不断更新，不同的时间安装版本也不相同，使用方法基本一致。

直接安装docker-ce，此为docker daemon，所有依赖将被yum自动安装，含docker client等。
# yum -y install docker-ce

...............................
已安装:
  docker-ce.x86_64 3:26.1.4-1.el7                                                                                                                                                     

作为依赖被安装:
  audit-libs-python.x86_64 0:2.8.5-4.el7                      checkpolicy.x86_64 0:2.5-8.el7                          container-selinux.noarch 2:2.119.2-1.911c772.el7_8            
  containerd.io.x86_64 0:1.6.33-3.1.el7                       docker-buildx-plugin.x86_64 0:0.14.1-1.el7              docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:26.1.4-1.el7                           
  docker-ce-rootless-extras.x86_64 0:26.1.4-1.el7             docker-compose-plugin.x86_64 0:2.27.1-1.el7             fuse-overlayfs.x86_64 0:0.7.2-6.el7_8                         
  fuse3-libs.x86_64 0:3.6.1-4.el7                             libcgroup.x86_64 0:0.41-21.el7                          libseccomp.x86_64 0:2.3.1-4.el7                               
  libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-14.el7                      policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-34.el7              python-IPy.noarch 0:0.75-6.el7                                
  setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-4.el7                           slirp4netns.x86_64 0:0.4.3-4.el7_8                     

完毕！

2.6 配置Docker Daemon启动文件

由于Docker使用过程中会对Centos操作系统中的Iptables防火墙中的FORWARD链默认规划产生影响及需要让Docker Daemon接受用户自定义的daemon.json文件，需要要按使用者要求的方式修改。

[root@CentOS7_Master_Docker_001 local]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

2.7 后续下载镜像配置

因为后续可能下载镜像会报错，我就是在后边安装nginx遇到了，报错如下：

[root@CentOS7_Master_Docker_001 ~]# docker run -d nginx:latest
Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally
docker: Error response from daemon: Get "https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/": net/http: request canceled while waiting for connection (Client.Timeout exceeded while awaiting headers).
See 'docker run --help'.

解决方案：

编写配置文件

将可用的镜像仓库地址写入到 daemon.json 配置文件中（目前2024年10月08日可用的源）

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
[root@localhost ~]# more /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
    "registry-mirrors": [
    "https://2a6bf1988cb6428c877f723ec7530dbc.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com",
    "https://docker.m.daocloud.io",
    "https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
    "https://mirror.baidubce.com",
    "https://your_preferred_mirror",
    "https://dockerhub.icu",
    "https://docker.registry.cyou",
    "https://docker-cf.registry.cyou",
    "https://dockercf.jsdelivr.fyi",
    "https://docker.jsdelivr.fyi",
    "https://dockertest.jsdelivr.fyi",
    "https://mirror.aliyuncs.com",
    "https://dockerproxy.com",
    "https://mirror.baidubce.com",
    "https://docker.m.daocloud.io",
    "https://docker.nju.edu.cn",
    "https://docker.mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn",
    "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn",
    "https://mirror.iscas.ac.cn",
    "https://docker.rainbond.cc"
    ]
}
[root@localhost ~]#

2.8 启动Docker服务并查看已安装版本

重启加载daemon文件
[root@CentOS7_Master_Docker_001 local]# systemctl daemon-reload

启动docker daemon
[root@CentOS7_Master_Docker_001 local]# systemctl start docker

设置开机自启动
[root@CentOS7_Master_Docker_001 local]# systemctl enable docker

使用docker version客户端命令查看已安装docker软件版本
[root@CentOS7_Master_Docker_001 local]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community  客户端
 Version:           26.1.4
 API version:       1.45
 Go version:        go1.21.11
 Git commit:        5650f9b
 Built:             Wed Jun  5 11:32:04 2024
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default

Server: Docker Engine - Community  管理引擎
 Engine:
  Version:          26.1.4
  API version:      1.45 (minimum version 1.24)
  Go version:       go1.21.11
  Git commit:       de5c9cf
  Built:            Wed Jun  5 11:31:02 2024
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.33
  GitCommit:        d2d58213f83a351ca8f528a95fbd145f5654e957
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.12
  GitCommit:        v1.1.12-0-g51d5e94
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

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