Bootstrap 中的导航组件都依赖同一个 .nav 类,状态类也是共用的。改变修饰类可以改变样式;
注意 .nav-tabs 类依赖 .nav 基类;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li role="presentation" class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li role="presentation"><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
<li role="presentation"><a href="#">Messages</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
HTML 标记相同,但使用 .nav-pills 类;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<ul class="nav nav-pills">
<li role="presentation" class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li role="presentation"><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
<li role="presentation"><a href="#">Messages</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
胶囊是标签页也是可以垂直方向堆叠排列的。只需添加 .nav-stacked 类;
<ul class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked">
...
</ul>
在大于 768px 的屏幕上,通过 .nav-justified 类可以很容易的让标签页或胶囊式标签呈现出同等宽度。在小屏幕上,导航链接呈现堆叠样式;
两端对齐的导航条导航链接已经被弃用了。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs nav-justified">
<li role="presentation" class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li role="presentation"><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
<li role="presentation"><a href="#">Messages</a></li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav nav-pills nav-justified">
<li role="presentation" class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li role="presentation"><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
<li role="presentation"><a href="#">Messages</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
对任何导航组件(标签页、胶囊式标签页),都可以添加 .disabled 类,从而实现链接为灰色且没有鼠标悬停效果。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<ul class="nav nav-pills">
<li role="presentation"><a href="#">这个链接没有被禁用</a></li>
<li role="presentation" class="disabled"><a href="#">这个链接被禁用</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
用一点点额外 HTML 代码并加入下拉菜单插件的 JavaScript 插件即可;
代码演示:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li role="presentation" class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li role="presentation"><a href="#">Help</a></li>
<li role="presentation" class="dropdown">
<a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
Dropdown <span class="caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
<li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
运行结果:
导航条是在您的应用或网站中作为导航页头的响应式基础组件。它们在移动设备上可以折叠(并且可开可关),且在视口(viewport)宽度增加时逐渐变为水平展开模式;
两端对齐的导航条导航链接已经被弃用了。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default">
<div class="container-fluid">
<!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"
aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a>
</div>
<!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="active"><a href="#">Link <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
<li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
<li class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown
<span class="caret"></span></a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
<li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
<li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
<li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<form class="navbar-form navbar-left">
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
</form>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
<li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
<li class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown
<span class="caret"></span></a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
<li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
<li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
</div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</nav>
</body>
</html>
将导航条内放置品牌标志的地方替换为 <img> 元素即可展示自己的品牌图标。由于 .navbar-brand 已经被设置了内补(padding)和高度(height),你需要根据自己的情况添加一些 CSS 代码从而覆盖默认设置。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">
<img alt="Brand" width="20" height="20" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010612590483286.png">
</a>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
</body>
</html>
将表单放置于 .navbar-form 之内可以呈现很好的垂直对齐,并在较窄的视口(viewport)中呈现折叠状态。 使用对齐选项可以规定其在导航条上出现的位置;
注意,.navbar-form 和 .form-inline 的大部分代码都一样,内部实现使用了 mixin。 某些表单组件,例如输入框组,可能需要设置一个固定宽度,从而在导航条内有合适的展现;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">
<img alt="Brand" width="20" height="20" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010612590483286.png">
</a>
</div>
<form class="navbar-form navbar-left" role="search">
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
</form>
</div>
</nav>
</body>
</html>
对于不包含在 <form> 中的 <button> 元素,加上 .navbar-btn 后,可以让它在导航条里垂直居中。有一些对于为辅助设备提供可识别标签的方法,例如, aria-label、aria-labelledby 或者 title 属性。如果这些方法都没有,屏幕阅读器将使用 placeholder 属性(如果这个属性存在的话),但是请注意,使用 placeholder 代替其他识别标签的方式是不推荐的;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">
<img alt="Brand" width="20" height="20" src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2022010612590483286.png">
</a>
</div>
<form class="navbar-form navbar-left" role="search">
<div class="form-group">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
</form>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default navbar-btn">Sign in</button>
</div>
</nav>
</body>
</html>
把文本包裹在 .navbar-text中时,为了有正确的行距和颜色,通常使用 <p> 标签;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default">
<div class="container-fluid">
<p class="navbar-text">Signed in as Mark Otto</p>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default navbar-btn">Sign in</button>
</div>
</nav>
</body>
</html>
或许你希望在标准的导航组件之外添加标准链接,那么,使用 .navbar-link 类可以让链接有正确的默认颜色和反色设置;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default">
<div class="container-fluid">
<p class="navbar-text navbar-left">Signed in as <a href="#" class="navbar-link">Mark Otto</a></p>
</div>
</nav>
</body>
</html>
通过添加 .navbar-left 和 .navbar-right 工具类让导航链接、表单、按钮或文本对齐。两个类都会通过 CSS 设置特定方向的浮动样式。例如,要对齐导航链接,就要把它们放在个分开的、应用了工具类的 <ul> 标签里;
这些类是 .pull-left 和 .pull-right 的 mixin 版本,但是他们被限定在了媒体查询(media query)中,这样可以更容易的在各种尺寸的屏幕上处理导航条组件;
添加 .navbar-fixed-top 类可以让导航条固定在顶部,还可包含一个 .container 或 .container-fluid 容器,从而让导航条居中,并在两侧添加内补(padding);
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-top">
<!-- We use the fluid option here to avoid overriding the fixed width of a normal container within the narrow content columns. -->
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-6" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a>
</div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-6">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
</div>
</nav>
</body>
</html>
添加 .navbar-fixed-bottom 类可以让导航条固定在底部,并且还可以包含一个 .container 或 .container-fluid 容器,从而让导航条居中,并在两侧添加内补(padding);
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-bottom">
<!-- We use the fluid option here to avoid overriding the fixed width of a normal container within the narrow content columns. -->
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-7"
aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a>
</div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-7">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
</div>
</nav>
</body>
</html>
通过添加 .navbar-static-top 类即可创建一个与页面等宽度的导航条,它会随着页面向下滚动而消失。还可以包含一个 .container 或 .container-fluid 容器,用于将导航条居中对齐并在两侧添加内补(padding);
与 .navbar-fixed-* 类不同的是,你不用给 body 添加任何内补(padding);
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-default navbar-static-top">
<!-- We use the fluid option here to avoid overriding the fixed width of a normal container within the narrow content columns. -->
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-8" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a>
</div>
<!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-8">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
</div>
</nav>
</body>
</html>
通过添加 .navbar-inverse 类可以改变导航条的外观;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
<title></title>
<!-- 引入bootstrap -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.min.css" />
<!-- 要想实现点击效果,需要引入js -->
<script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse">
<!-- We use the fluid option here to avoid overriding the fixed width of a normal container within the narrow content columns. -->
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-8" aria-expanded="false">
<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a>
</div>
<!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-8">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li class="active"><a href="#">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
</ul>
</div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
</div>
</nav>
</body>
</html>
在一个带有层次的导航结构中标明当前页面的位置;
各路径间的分隔符已经自动通过 CSS 的 :before 和 content 属性添加了;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
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