MySQL深入学习之基础知识

-u // 指定用户名
-p // 指定密码
-P // 指定端口
-h // 指定主机名

mysql> help

For information about MySQL products and services, visit:
   http://www.mysql.com/
For developer information, including the MySQL Reference Manual, visit:
   http://dev.mysql.com/
To buy MySQL Enterprise support, training, or other products, visit:
   https://shop.mysql.com/

List of all MySQL commands:
Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';'
?         (\?) Synonym for `help'.
clear     (\c) Clear the current input statement.
connect   (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host.
delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter.
ego       (\G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically.
exit      (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit.
go        (\g) Send command to mysql server.
help      (\h) Display this help.
notee     (\t) Don't write into outfile.
print     (\p) Print current command.
prompt    (\R) Change your mysql prompt.
quit      (\q) Quit mysql.
rehash    (\#) Rebuild completion hash.
source    (\.) Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument.
status    (\s) Get status information from the server.
system    (\!) Execute a system shell command.
tee       (\T) Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given outfile.
use       (\u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument.
charset   (\C) Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing binlog with multi-byte charsets.
warnings  (\W) Show warnings after every statement.
nowarning (\w) Don't show warnings after every statement.
resetconnection(\x) Clean session context.

For server side help, type 'help contents'

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> use [db_name];
Database changed

mysql> show tables;
mysql> show tables from [db_name]; // 查询指定数据库中的所有可用表
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_acgfate |
+-------------------+
| accounts          |
| users             |
+-------------------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> show columns from [table];
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id         | bigint unsigned  | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| created_at | datetime(3)      | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| updated_at | datetime(3)      | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| deleted_at | datetime(3)      | YES  | MUL | NULL    |                |
| username   | longtext         | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| password   | longtext         | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| nickname   | longtext         | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| mail       | longtext         | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| avatar     | longtext         | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| gender     | longtext         | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| level      | tinyint unsigned | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| join_time  | datetime(3)      | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| silence    | tinyint(1)       | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
13 rows in set (0.01 sec)

SELECT [column] FROM [table];
SELECT [column1], [column2] FROM [table];
SELECT * FROM [table];

SELECT DISTINCT [column] FROM [table]

SELECT [column] FROM [table] LIMIT 5; // 查询前5行
SELECT [column] FROM [table] LIMIT 5, 5 // 查询从第6行开始的5条记录

SELECT [table].[column] FROM [table]

SELECT [column1] FROM [table] ORDER BY [column2]
SELECT [column1] FROM [table] ORDER BY [column2] DESC // 按降序排序

SELECT [column1] FROM [table] ORDER BY [column2], [column3]
SELECT [column1] FROM [table] ORDER BY [column2] DESC, [column3]