php判断mysql执行成功

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "database";

// 创建连接
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

// 检查连接
if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("连接失败: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

$sql = "SELECT id, firstname, lastname FROM MyGuests";
$result = $conn->query($sql);

if ($result) {
    echo "查询成功";
    // 输出数据
    while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
        echo "id: " . $row["id"]. " - Name: " . $row["firstname"]. " " . $row["lastname"]. "<br>";
    }
} else {
    echo "查询失败: " . $conn->error;
}

$conn->close();
?>

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "database";

try {
    $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
    // 设置 PDO 错误模式为异常
    $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

    $sql = "SELECT id, firstname, lastname FROM MyGuests";
    $result = $conn->query($sql);

    if ($result) {
        echo "查询成功";
        // 设置结果集为关联数组
        $result->setFetchMode(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
        foreach($result as $row) {
            echo "id: " . $row["id"]. " - Name: " . $row["firstname"]. " " . $row["lastname"]. "<br>";
        }
    } else {
        echo "查询失败";
    }
} catch(PDOException $e) {
    echo "数据库连接失败: " . $e->getMessage();
}

$conn = null;
?>