JSON.NET将接口反序列化为属性名称

public interface IShape
{
    string Type { get; }
    double Area { get; }
}

public class Circle : IShape
{
    public string Type { get; set; }
    public double Area { get; set; }
    public double Radius { get; set; }
}

public class Rectangle : IShape
{
    public string Type { get; set; }
    public double Area { get; set; }
    public double Width { get; set; }
    public double Height { get; set; }
}

public class ShapeConverter : JsonConverter
{
    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return typeof(IShape).IsAssignableFrom(objectType);
    }

    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        JObject jsonObject = JObject.Load(reader);
        string shapeType = jsonObject["Type"].Value<string>();

        IShape shape;
        switch (shapeType)
        {
            case "Circle":
                shape = new Circle();
                break;
            case "Rectangle":
                shape = new Rectangle();
                break;
            default:
                throw new NotSupportedException($"Shape type '{shapeType}' is not supported.");
        }

        serializer.Populate(jsonObject.CreateReader(), shape);
        return shape;
    }

    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

// 反序列化示例
string json = "{\"Type\":\"Circle\",\"Area\":3.14,\"Radius\":1.0}";
IShape shape = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<IShape>(json, new ShapeConverter());
Console.WriteLine($"Type: {shape.Type}, Area: {shape.Area}");

// 输出结果：
// Type: Circle, Area: 3.14