用FXML替换JavaFX中基于逻辑的GUI

// Main.java
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class Main extends Application {
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("sample.fxml"));
        primaryStage.setTitle("Hello World");
        primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 300, 275));
        primaryStage.show();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
}

<!-- sample.fxml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.VBox?>

<VBox xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml" prefHeight="200" prefWidth="300">
    <Button text="Click Me" onAction="#handleButtonClick"/>
</VBox>

// Controller.java
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;

public class Controller {
    @FXML
    private Label label;

    @FXML
    private void handleButtonClick(ActionEvent event) {
        label.setText("Hello, FXML!");
    }
}

<!-- complex.fxml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.VBox?>

<GridPane xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml" prefHeight="400" prefWidth="600">
    <VBox fx:id="leftPanel" prefHeight="400" prefWidth="200">
        <Button text="Left Button 1"/>
        <Button text="Left Button 2"/>
    </VBox>
    <VBox fx:id="rightPanel" prefHeight="400" prefWidth="400" GridPane.columnIndex="1">
        <include fx:id="childPane" source="child.fxml"/>
    </VBox>
</GridPane>

<!-- child.fxml -->
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<VBox xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml" prefHeight="300" prefWidth="400">
    <Button text="Child Button 1"/>
    <Button text="Child Button 2"/>
</VBox>