是的,您可以通过使用Jetpack库中的Android Architecture Components来消除Android片段中的ViewModel和ViewBinding样板代码。
ViewModel是一种设计模式,用于将UI相关的数据与UI组件(如Activity和Fragment)分离。它负责管理与UI相关的数据,并在配置更改(如屏幕旋转)时保持数据的一致性。通过将ViewModel与Fragment或Activity绑定,您可以在配置更改时保留数据,并且不会丢失用户的输入或应用状态。
ViewBinding是一种用于在布局文件中查找视图的类型安全方式。它生成一个绑定类,该类包含对布局文件中每个视图的引用。使用ViewBinding,您可以直接访问视图,而无需使用findViewById()方法。
以下是消除ViewModel和ViewBinding样板代码的步骤:
dependencies {
def lifecycle_version = "2.4.0"
def viewbinding_version = "7.0.4"
// ViewModel
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
// ViewBinding
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-viewmodel-savedstate:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-service:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-process:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-reactivestreams-ktx:$lifecycle_version"
// ViewBinding
implementation "androidx.viewbinding:viewbinding:$viewbinding_version"
}
import androidx.lifecycle.ViewModel
class MyViewModel : ViewModel() {
// 定义您需要保留的数据和逻辑
}
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment
import androidx.fragment.app.viewModels
import com.example.myapp.databinding.FragmentMyBinding
class MyFragment : Fragment(R.layout.fragment_my) {
private val viewModel: MyViewModel by viewModels()
private var _binding: FragmentMyBinding? = null
private val binding get() = _binding!!
override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)
_binding = FragmentMyBinding.bind(view)
// 使用binding访问视图
}
override fun onDestroyView() {
super.onDestroyView()
_binding = null
}
}
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<LinearLayout
...>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/myTextView"
... />
</LinearLayout>
</layout>
override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)
_binding = FragmentMyBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)
// 使用binding访问视图
}
通过使用ViewModel和ViewBinding,您可以更轻松地管理和访问与UI相关的数据和视图,同时减少样板代码的编写量。
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