// 使用Object.assign()
const original = { a: 1, b: { c: 2 } };
const shallowCopy = Object.assign({}, original);
shallowCopy.a = 3;
shallowCopy.b.c = 4;
console.log(original); // { a: 1, b: { c: 4 } }
console.log(shallowCopy); // { a: 3, b: { c: 4 } }

// 使用扩展运算符
const shallowCopy2 = { ...original };
shallowCopy2.a = 5;
shallowCopy2.b.c = 6;
console.log(original); // { a: 1, b: { c: 6 } }
console.log(shallowCopy2); // { a: 5, b: { c: 6 } }

// 使用JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj))
const original = { a: 1, b: { c: 2 } };
const deepCopy = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(original));
deepCopy.a = 7;
deepCopy.b.c = 8;
console.log(original); // { a: 1, b: { c: 2 } }
console.log(deepCopy); // { a: 7, b: { c: 8 } }

// 使用递归函数实现深拷贝
function deepClone(obj) {
  if (typeof obj !== 'object' || obj === null) return obj;
  const clone = Array.isArray(obj) ? [] : {};
  for (let key in obj) {
    if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
      clone[key] = deepClone(obj[key]);
    }
  }
  return clone;
}

const deepCopy2 = deepClone(original);
deepCopy2.a = 9;
deepCopy2.b.c = 10;
console.log(original); // { a: 1, b: { c: 2 } }
console.log(deepCopy2); // { a: 9, b: { c: 10 } }

// 使用Lodash的_.cloneDeep()方法
const _ = require('lodash');

const original = { a: 1, b: { c: 2 }, d: function() {} };
const deepCopy3 = _.cloneDeep(original);
deepCopy3.a = 11;
deepCopy3.b.c = 12;
console.log(original); // { a: 1, b: { c: 2 }, d: [Function: d] }
console.log(deepCopy3); // { a: 11, b: { c: 12 }, d: [Function: d] }