blocks|key|2886977|text|你要找的是一个headless-browser。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|2886978|是的，在Firefox上运行Selenium是有可能的。这里有一个你可以参考的post。|2886979|下面是设置Xvfb的总结步骤|2886980|#install+Xvfb
sudo+apt-get+install+xvfb

#set+display+number+to+:99
Xvfb+:99+-ac+&
export+DISPLAY=:99++++

#you+are+now+having+an+X+display+by+Xvfb|code-block|syntax|javascript|2886981|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|/questions/tagged/headless-browser|1|http://www.alittlemadness.com/2008/03/05/running-selenium-headless/^0|7|G|0|0|13|4|1|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@$A|X|B|Y|1|Z]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@$A|11|B|12|1|13]]|C|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]|$1|H|3|I|5|J|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|C|$K|L]]|$1|M|3|-4|5|6|7|16|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|N|$O|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|T]]|U|$5|P|Q|R|C|$S|V]]]]

What you're looking for is a <a href="/questions/tagged/headless-browser" class="post-tag" title="show questions tagged &#39;headless-browser&#39;" rel="tag">headless-browser</a>.

Yes, it's possible to run Selenium on Firefox headlessly. Here is a <a href="http://www.alittlemadness.com/2008/03/05/running-selenium-headless/" rel="noreferrer" title="Running Selenium Headless">post</a> you can follow.

Here is the summary steps to set up Xvfb

<pre><code>#install Xvfb
sudo apt-get install xvfb

#set display number to :99
Xvfb :99 -ac &amp;
export DISPLAY=:99 

#you are now having an X display by Xvfb
</code></pre>

blocks|key|229547|text|Chrome现在有了一个无头模式：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|229548|op+=+webdriver.ChromeOptions()
op.add_argument('--headless')
driver+=+webdriver.Chrome(options=op)|code-block|syntax|javascript|229549|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|I|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|J|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|-4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|H|$]]

Chrome now has a headless mode:
<pre><code>op = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
op.add_argument('--headless')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=op)
</code></pre>

blocks|key|3101043|text|是。您可以在启动webdriver时为FirefoxDriver使用HTMLUnitDriver。这是无头浏览器设置。详情可以在here上找到。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|3101044|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/HtmlUnitDriver^0|J|D|Y|E|1S|4|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|N|8|@$9|O|A|P|B|C]|$9|Q|A|R|B|C]]|D|@$9|S|A|T|1|U]]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|-4|5|6|7|V|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|G|$H|$5|I|J|K|E|$L|M]]]]

Yes. You can use <code>HTMLUnitDriver</code> instead for <code>FirefoxDriver</code> while starting webdriver. This is headless browser setup. Details can be found <a href="http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/HtmlUnitDriver" rel="noreferrer">here</a>.

blocks|key|231839|text|如果您想要无头浏览器支持，那么您可以采用另一种方法。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|231840|https://github.com/detro/ghostdriver|offset|length|231841|它是在Selenium+Conference上宣布的，目前仍在开发中。它使用PhantomJS作为浏览器，比HTMLUnitDriver好得多，目前还没有截图，但由于它仍在积极开发中。|231842|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url^0|0|0|10|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@$D|Q|E|R|1|S]]|A|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|6|7|T|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|A|$N|C]]]]

If you want headless browser support then there is another approach you might adopt.

<a href="https://github.com/detro/ghostdriver" rel="noreferrer">https://github.com/detro/ghostdriver</a>

It was announced during Selenium Conference and it is still in development. It uses PhantomJS as the browser and is much better than HTMLUnitDriver, there are no screenshots yet, but as it is still in active development.

blocks|key|229563|text|可选的是像这样使用pyvirtualdisplay：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|229564|from+pyvirtualdisplay+import+Display

display+=+Display(visible=0,+size=[800,+600])
display.start()

#do+selenium+job+here

display.close()|code-block|syntax|javascript|229565|更简短的版本是：|229566|with+Display()+as+display:
++++#+selenium+job+here|229567|这通常是xvfb的python封装，而且在某种程度上更方便。|229568|顺便说一句，尽管PhantomJS是一个无头浏览器，如果你使用它，不会打开任何窗口，但似乎PhantomJS仍然需要一个gui环境才能工作。|229569|当我在无头模式(putty连接的控制台)中使用PhantomJS()而不是Firefox()时，我得到错误代码-6。然而，在桌面环境中一切都是正常的。|229570|entityMap^0|9|G|0|0|0|0|4|4|0|8|9|19|9|0|N|B|11|9|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@$9|X|A|Y|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|Z|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|10|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|H|7|11|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|O|3|P|5|6|7|12|8|@$9|13|A|14|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|15|8|@$9|16|A|17|B|C]|$9|18|A|19|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|6|7|1A|8|@$9|1B|A|1C|B|C]|$9|1D|A|1E|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|1F|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|V|$]]

An optional is to use <code>pyvirtualdisplay</code> like this:

<pre><code>from pyvirtualdisplay import Display

display = Display(visible=0, size=[800, 600])
display.start()

#do selenium job here

display.close()
</code></pre>

A shorter version is:

<pre><code>with Display() as display:
 # selenium job here
</code></pre>

This is generally a python encapsulate of <code>xvfb</code>, and more convinient somehow.

By the way, although <code>PhantomJS</code> is a headless browser and no window will be open if you use it, it seems that <code>PhantomJS</code> still needs a gui environment to work. 

I got Error Code -6 when I use <code>PhantomJS()</code> instead of <code>Firefox()</code> in headless mode (putty-connected console). However everything is ok in desktop environment.

blocks|key|3101268|text|更新:您不再需要XVFB来运行headless+Firefox。Linux上的Firefox+v55%2B和Windows/Mac上的Firefox+v56%2B现在支持无头执行。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3101269|我在这里添加了一些使用方法文档：|3101270|https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Firefox/Headless_mode#Selenium_in_Java|offset|length|3101271|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url^0|0|0|0|22|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|O|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@$F|R|G|S|1|T]]|A|$]]|$1|H|3|-4|5|6|7|U|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|I|$J|$5|K|L|M|A|$N|E]]]]

UPDATE: You do not need XVFB to run headless Firefox anymore. Firefox v55+ on Linux and Firefox v56+ on Windows/Mac now supports headless execution.

I added some how-to-use documentation here:

<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Firefox/Headless_mode#Selenium_in_Java" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Firefox/Headless_mode#Selenium_in_Java</a>

blocks|key|229536|text|另一种选择是GhostDriver，它现在由WebDriver官方支持：Ghostdriver+actual+performance+gain|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|offset|length|data|229537|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14194371/ghostdriver-actual-performance-gain/14707494#14707494^0|10|Z|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|L|8|@]|9|@$A|M|B|N|1|O]]|C|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|P|8|@]|9|@]|C|$]]]|E|$F|$5|G|H|I|C|$J|K]]]]

Another option is GhostDriver which is now officially supported by WebDriver: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14194371/ghostdriver-actual-performance-gain/14707494#14707494">Ghostdriver actual performance gain</a>

blocks|key|3101300|text|安装并运行容器化Firefox：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3101301|docker+pull+selenium/standalone-firefox
docker+run+--rm+-d+-p+4444:4444+--shm-size=2g+selenium/standalone-firefox|code-block|syntax|javascript|3101302|使用webdriver.Remote连接|offset|length|style|CODE|3101303|driver+=+webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub',+DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX)
driver.set_window_size(1280,+1024)
driver.get('https://www.google.com')|3101304|entityMap^0|0|0|2|G|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Q|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|R|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|S|8|@$I|T|J|U|K|L]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|M|3|N|5|D|7|V|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$]]

Install &amp; run containerized Firefox:

<pre><code>docker pull selenium/standalone-firefox
docker run --rm -d -p 4444:4444 --shm-size=2g selenium/standalone-firefox
</code></pre>

Connect using <code>webdriver.Remote</code>:

<pre><code>driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub', DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX)
driver.set_window_size(1280, 1024)
driver.get('https://www.google.com')
</code></pre>

blocks|key|3101117|text|请注意，Ghostdriver+webclient是单线程的，而HtmlUnitDriver只有40%25的功能是WebDriver。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|3101118|尽管如此，Ghostdriver在测试中运行正常，并且我在将它连接到WebDriver集线器时遇到了问题。|3101119|entityMap^0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|F|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|G|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|-4|5|6|7|H|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|E|$]]

Be aware that HtmlUnitDriver webclient is single-threaded and Ghostdriver is only at 40% of the functionalities to be a WebDriver.

Nonetheless, Ghostdriver run properly for tests and I have problems to connect it to the WebDriver hub.

blocks|key|229574|text|是的，您可以在没有浏览器的情况下运行测试脚本，但是您应该在无头模式下运行它们。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|229575|entityMap^0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|D|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|-4|5|6|7|E|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|C|$]]

Yes, you can run test scripts without a browser, But you should run them in headless mode.

blocks|key|229586|text|也许你需要设置你的窗口大小尺寸。就像这样：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|229587|options+=+webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('--headless')
options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
options.add_argument('--window-size=1920x1080');

browser+=+webdriver.Chrome(options=options,executable_path+=+'./chromedriver')|code-block|syntax|javascript|229588|如果同样不起作用，请尝试增加窗口大小维度。|229589|entityMap^0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|K|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|L|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|M|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|I|3|-4|5|6|7|N|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|J|$]]

maybe you need to set your window-size dimension. just like：

<pre><code>options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('--headless')
options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
options.add_argument('--window-size=1920x1080');

browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=options,executable_path = './chromedriver')
</code></pre>

if also not working, try increase window-size dimension.

We are considering upgrading our production server from Ubuntu-desktop 10.04 to Ubuntu-server 12.04. 

We have various services running on our current desktop OS such as Selenium Web Driver. My question is can the Selenium Web Driver be run from a cli-based system?

My immediate thought is that it can't, because it relies on Firefox, but I'd like for someone to prove me wrong!

Is it possible to run selenium (Firefox) web driver without a GUI?

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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我们正在考虑将我们的生产服务器从Ubuntu 10.04升级到Ubuntu-服务器 12.04。我们在当前的桌面操作系统上运行着各种服务，比如Selenium Web Driver。我的问题是Selenium Web驱动程序可以从基于cli的系统中运行吗？我的第一反应是它不能，因为它依赖于Firefox，但我希望有人能证明我是错的！

问可以在没有GUI的情况下运行selenium (Firefox) web驱动程序吗？
EN

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问可以在没有GUI的情况下运行selenium (Firefox) web驱动程序吗？EN

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