如何修复我的Kivy应用程序中的复制错误？
如何修复我的Kivy应用程序中的复制错误？
提问于 2019-10-31 03:49:20
我用python和Kivy做了一个简单的游戏。有一天，当我运行代码时，我遇到了重复图形的问题。基本上，屏幕上的每个对象都会出现多次(就像它一次又一次地在屏幕上绘制所有对象一样)。这个程序曾经运行得很好，但是有一天这个问题就开始出现了。
我试过在朋友的电脑上运行相同的代码，它运行得很好，所以它可能与硬件有关。(我有一台Alienware17 r4，他有一台Macbook)我以前的代码版本没有这个问题，现在有了。
编辑:我认为这个问题与透明画布不能正常工作有关。我发现了一个问题，我认为它描述了同样的问题：
Kivy canvas.clear() not clearing the canvas
然而，这个问题并没有得到回答。手动调整屏幕大小会使问题消失，如我链接的问题中所述
import kivy
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.core.text import Label as CoreLabel
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.floatlayout import FloatLayout
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.properties import ObjectProperty
from kivy.graphics import *
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import Screen, ScreenManager
from kivy.core.window import Window
kivy.require('1.0.6') # replace with your current kivy version !
class ConnectApp(App):
def build(self):
return kv_file
class Menu(Screen):
pass
class Setting(Screen):
pass
class Main(Screen):
board = [
[2, 2, 2],
[0, 0, 0],
[1, 1, 1]
]
hold_piece: bool = False
temp = 0
move_no = 0
P1win = False
P2win = False
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Main, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.bind(pos=self.update_canvas)
self.bind(size=self.update_canvas)
self.update_canvas()
def update_canvas(self, *args):
self.canvas.clear()
with self.canvas:
get_indexes = lambda x, xs: [i for (y, i) in zip(xs, range(len(xs))) if x == y]
for i in self.board:
for index in get_indexes(1, i):
Color(1, 0, 0, 1)
Ellipse(pos=(self.size[0] * index * 0.25, self.size[1] * self.board.index(i) * 0.25 + self.size[1]*0.125),
size=(self.size[0] * 0.25, self.size[1] * 0.25))
for index in get_indexes(2, i):
Color(0, 0, 1, 1)
Ellipse(pos=(self.size[0] * index * 0.25, self.size[1] * self.board.index(i) * 0.25 + self.size[1]*0.125),
size=(self.size[0] * 0.25, self.size[1] * 0.25))
mylabel = CoreLabel(text="Reset", font_size=25, color=(1, 1, 1, 1))
mylabel.refresh()
texture = mylabel.texture
Color(1, 1, 1, 1)
Rectangle(pos=(self.size[0] * 0.8, self.size[1] * 0.65), size=(self.size[0] * 0.15, self.size[1] * 0.15), texture=texture)
label2 = CoreLabel(text="Menu", font_size=25, color=(1, 1, 1, 1))
label2.refresh()
texture = label2.texture
Color(1, 1, 1, 1)
Rectangle(pos=(self.size[0] * 0.8, self.size[1] * 0.25), size=(self.size[0] * 0.15, self.size[1] * 0.15), texture=texture)
def press(self, row, col):
if self.move_no % 2 == 0:
if self.board[row][col] == 2 and not self.hold_piece:
self.temp = self.board[row][col]
self.board[row][col] = 0
self.hold_piece = True
elif self.board[row][col] == 0 and self.hold_piece:
self.board[row][col] = self.temp
self.temp = 0
self.hold_piece = False
self.update_canvas()
self.move_no += 1
else:
pass
else:
if self.board[row][col] == 1 and not self.hold_piece:
self.temp = self.board[row][col]
self.board[row][col] = 0
self.hold_piece = True
elif self.board[row][col] == 0 and self.hold_piece:
self.board[row][col] = self.temp
self.temp = 0
self.hold_piece = False
self.update_canvas()
self.move_no += 1
self.checkWin()
self.wincon()
else:
pass
def reset(self):
self.board = [
[2, 2, 2],
[0, 0, 0],
[1, 1, 1]]
self.move_no = 0
self.update_canvas()
def checkWin(self):
if self.board[0][0] == self.board[1][0] == self.board[2][0] == 1 or self.board[0][1] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[2][1] == 1 or self.board[0][2] == self.board[1][2] == self.board[2][2] == 1:
self.P1win = True
elif self.board[0][0] == self.board[0][1] == self.board[0][2] == 1 or self.board[1][0] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[1][2] == 1:
self.P1win = True
elif self.board[0][0] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[2][2] == 1 or self.board[0][2] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[2][0] == 1:
self.P1win = True
elif self.board[0][0] == self.board[1][0] == self.board[2][0] == 2 or self.board[0][1] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[2][1] == 2 or self.board[0][2] == self.board[1][2] == self.board[2][2] == 2:
self.P2win = True
elif self.board[2][0] == self.board[2][1] == self.board[2][2] == 2 or self.board[1][0] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[1][2] == 2:
self.P2win = True
elif self.board[0][0] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[2][2] == 2 or self.board[0][2] == self.board[1][1] == self.board[2][0] == 2:
self.P2win = True
else:
pass
def wincon(self):
if self.P1win:
print("Player 2 wins")
pop(2)
elif self.P2win:
print("Player 1 wins")
pop(1)
else:
pass
class p1_win():
pass
class p2_win():
pass
def pop(num):
if num == 1:
show = p1_win()
popup = Popup(content=show, size_hint=(None, None), size =(400, 400))
else:
show = p2_win()
popup = Popup(content=show, size_hint=(None, None), size=(400, 400))
popup.open()
class WinManager(ScreenManager):
pass
kv_file = Builder.load_string("""
WinManager:
Menu:
Main:
Setting:
<Menu>:
name: "menu"
FloatLayout:
Label:
size_hint: 0.5, 0.25
pos_hint: {"x": 0.25, "y": 0.7}
text: "Connect 3"
font_size: 40
background_color: 1, 1, 1, 1
Button:
text: "Play"
background_color: 0.4,1,0.4 ,1
size_hint: 0.34, 0.16
pos_hint: {"x":0.33, "y":0.3}
on_press: root.manager.current = "main"
Button:
text: "Settings"
background_color: 0.4, 1, 0.4, 1
size_hint: 0.34, 0.16
pos_hint: {"x":0.33, "y":0.1}
on_press: root.manager.current = "setting"
<Main>:
name: "main"
FloatLayout:
size: root.width, root.height
Button:
pos_hint:{"x":0.8 , "y":0.65}
on_press: root.reset()
size_hint: 0.15, 0.15
Button:
pos_hint:{"x":0.8 , "y":0.25}
on_press:
root.manager.transition.direction = 'right'
root.manager.current = "menu"
size_hint: 0.15, 0.15
Button:
pos_hint:{"x":0 , "y":0.125}
text: "A1"
on_press: root.press(0, 0)
size_hint:0.25, 0.25
Button:
pos_hint:{"x":0 , "y":0.375}
text: "A2"
on_press: root.press(1, 0)
size_hint:0.25, 0.25
Button:
pos_hint:{"x":0 , "y":0.625}
text: "A3"
on_press: root.press(2, 0)
size_hint:0.25, 0.25
Button:
pos_hint:{"x":0.25 , "y":0.125}
text: "B1"
on_press: root.press(0, 1)
size_hint:0.25, 0.25
Button:
pos_hint:{"x":0.25 , "y":0.375}
text: "B2"
on_press: root.press(1, 1)
size_hint:0.25, 0.25
Button:
pos_hint:{"x":0.25 , "y":0.625}
text: "B3"
on_press: root.press(2, 1)
size_hint:0.25, 0.25
Button:
pos_hint:{"x":0.5 , "y":0.125}
text: "C1"
on_press: root.press(0, 2)
size_hint:0.25, 0.25
Button:
pos_hint:{"x":0.5 , "y":0.375}
text: "C2"
on_press: root.press(1, 2)
size_hint:0.25, 0.25
Button:
pos_hint:{"x":0.5 , "y":0.625}
text: "C3"
on_press: root.press(2, 2)
size_hint:0.25, 0.25
<Setting>:
name: "setting"
Label:
size_hint: 0.5, 0.25
pos_hint: {"x": 0.25, "y": 0.7}
text: "I'm not smart enough to add settings"
Button:
text: "Go Back"
background_color: 0.4,1,0.4 ,1
size_hint: 0.34, 0.16
pos_hint: {"x":0.33, "y":0.1}
on_press:
root.manager.transition.direction = 'right'
root.manager.current = "menu"
""")
if __name__ == '__main__':
#Window.fullscreen = True
ConnectApp().run()如果有帮助，这是终端中的输出：
[INFO ] [Logger ] Record log in C:\Users\muham\.kivy\logs\kivy_19-10-30_4.txt
[INFO ] [deps ] Successfully imported "kivy_deps.gstreamer_dev" 0.1.17
[INFO ] [deps ] Successfully imported "kivy_deps.gstreamer" 0.1.17
[INFO ] [deps ] Successfully imported "kivy_deps.angle" 0.1.9
[INFO ] [deps ] Successfully imported "kivy_deps.glew" 0.1.12
[INFO ] [deps ] Successfully imported "kivy_deps.glew_dev" 0.1.12
[INFO ] [deps ] Successfully imported "kivy_deps.sdl2" 0.1.22
[INFO ] [deps ] Successfully imported "kivy_deps.sdl2_dev" 0.1.22
[INFO ] [Kivy ] v1.11.1
[INFO ] [Kivy ] Installed at "C:\Users\muham\PycharmProjects\Connect3\venv\lib\site-packages\kivy\__init__.py"
[INFO ] [Python ] v3.7.2 (tags/v3.7.2:9a3ffc0492, Dec 23 2018, 22:20:52) [MSC v.1916 32 bit (Intel)]
[INFO ] [Python ] Interpreter at "C:\Users\muham\PycharmProjects\Connect3\venv\Scripts\python.exe"
[INFO ] [Factory ] 184 symbols loaded
[INFO ] [Image ] Providers: img_tex, img_dds, img_sdl2, img_gif (img_pil, img_ffpyplayer ignored)
[INFO ] [Text ] Provider: sdl2
[INFO ] [Window ] Provider: sdl2
[INFO ] [GL ] Using the "OpenGL" graphics system
[INFO ] [GL ] GLEW initialization succeeded
[INFO ] [GL ] Backend used <glew>
[INFO ] [GL ] OpenGL version <b'4.6.0 - Build 26.20.100.6859'>
[INFO ] [GL ] OpenGL vendor <b'Intel'>
[INFO ] [GL ] OpenGL renderer <b'Intel(R) HD Graphics 630'>
[INFO ] [GL ] OpenGL parsed version: 4, 6
[INFO ] [GL ] Shading version <b'4.60 - Build 26.20.100.6859'>
[INFO ] [GL ] Texture max size <16384>
[INFO ] [GL ] Texture max units <32>
[INFO ] [Window ] auto add sdl2 input provider
[INFO ] [Window ] virtual keyboard not allowed, single mode, not docked
[INFO ] [GL ] NPOT texture support is available
[INFO ] [Base ] Start application main loop
[INFO ] [WindowSDL ] exiting mainloop and closing.
[INFO ] [Base ] Leaving application in progress...这是屏幕上显示的内容：
运行代码时的屏幕截图
回答 3
Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2019-10-31 12:56:40
运行你的游戏我得到了这三个屏幕
正如John Anderson所说，您需要查找kivy文件(.kv)来查找冲突，例如具有两种不同按钮的窗口。为什么？因为kivy运行代码并搜索具有.kv扩展名的相同名称的文件(.py)。
但也有例外:如果类的名称以
class ExampleApp(Screen):kivy正在调用
<Example>请确认包含您的程序的文件夹中是否有其他kivy文件。
如果错误仍然存在，请尝试安装其他版本的kivy
pip install --upgrade kivyStack Overflow用户
发布于 2019-11-01 09:56:07
我相信你看到的是你的图形系统没有正确处理你的WinManager的SlideTransition。因此，过渡的所有动画步骤都保留在显示器上。您可以通过更改WinManager的transition属性来避免这种情况。我会先试试NoTransition。在您的“kv”中，将WinManager:规则更改为：
#: import sm kivy.uix.screenmanager
WinManager:
transition: sm.NoTransition()
Menu:
Main:
Setting:Stack Overflow用户
发布于 2019-11-22 11:35:07
试试这个：
from kivy.config import Config
Config.set('graphics', 'multisamples', '0')英特尔核芯显卡在使用OpenGL时总是遇到很多问题。
页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58632686
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