blocks|key|2242949|text|由于问题被标记为bash，所以可能不支持查找头(grep+-P除外)，下面是一个不需要查找头的grep解决方案：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|offset|length|style|CODE|entityRanges|data|2242950|grep+-v+'\.txt$'+file
happiness.html
joy.png
fear.src|code-block|syntax|javascript|2242951|编辑：您可以使用这个xargs命令来避免匹配*.txt文件：|BOLD|2242952|xargs+-0+-n+1+-I+{}+bash+-c+'[[+"{}"+==+*".txt"+]]+&&+echo+"{}+has+been+changed"'|2242953|entityMap^0|8|4|O|7|1B|4|0|0|0|3|A|5|M|5|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|R|8|@$9|S|A|T|B|C]|$9|U|A|V|B|C]|$9|W|A|X|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|F|3|G|5|H|7|Y|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|Z|8|@$9|10|A|11|B|M]|$9|12|A|13|B|C]|$9|14|A|15|B|C]]|D|@]|E|$]]|$1|N|3|O|5|H|7|16|8|@]|D|@]|E|$I|J]]|$1|P|3|-4|5|6|7|17|8|@]|D|@]|E|$]]]|Q|$]]

Since question has been tagged as <code>bash</code>, lookaheads may not be supported (except <code>grep -P</code>), here is one <code>grep</code> solution that doesn't need lookaheads:

<pre><code>grep -v '\.txt$' file
happiness.html
joy.png
fear.src
</code></pre>

<hr>

EDIT: You can use this <code>xargs</code> command to avoid matching <code>*.txt</code> files:

<pre><code>xargs -0 -n 1 -I {} bash -c '[[ "{}" == *".txt" ]] &amp;&amp; echo "{} has been changed"'
</code></pre>

blocks|key|1007257|text|尝试使用lookbehind，如下所示：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|1007258|.*$(?<!\.txt)|code-block|syntax|javascript|1007259|游行示威|offset|length|1007260|基本上，只要最后4个字符不是".txt"，这就匹配任何一行文本。|style|CODE|1007261|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://regex101.com/r/vO5yZ0/1^0|0|0|0|4|0|0|E|6|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@$I|Z|J|10|1|11]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|12|8|@$I|13|J|14|M|N]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|P|$Q|$5|R|S|T|A|$U|V]]]]

Try using a lookbehind, like this:

<pre><code>.*$(?&lt;!\.txt)
</code></pre>

<a href="http://regex101.com/r/vO5yZ0/1" rel="nofollow">Demonstration</a>

Basically, this matches any line of text so long as the last 4 characters are not <code>".txt"</code>.

blocks|key|2242930|text|为此，您可以使用“消极前瞻性”。|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|2242931|%5E(?!.*\.txt).%2B$|code-block|syntax|javascript|2242932|现场演示|offset|length|2242933|可以使用选项-P将此表达式与grep一起使用。|style|CODE|2242934|grep+-Po+'%5E(?!.*\.txt).%2B$'+file|2242935|entityMap|0|LINK|mutability|MUTABLE|url|http://regex101.com/r/zA5jR3/2^0|0|0|0|4|0|0|6|2|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|D|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|G|3|H|5|6|7|10|8|@]|9|@$I|11|J|12|1|13]]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|6|7|14|8|@$I|15|J|16|M|N]]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|D|7|17|8|@]|9|@]|A|$E|F]]|$1|Q|3|-4|5|6|7|18|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|R|$S|$5|T|U|V|A|$W|X]]]]

You can use Negative Lookahead for this purpose.

<pre><code>^(?!.*\.txt).+$
</code></pre>

<a href="http://regex101.com/r/zA5jR3/2" rel="nofollow">Live Demo</a>

You can use this expression with grep using option <code>-P</code>:

<pre><code>grep -Po '^(?!.*\.txt).+$' file
</code></pre>

blocks|key|961448|text|这实际上取决于您使用的正则表达式工具。许多工具提供了一种逆转正则表达式的方法。例如：|type|unstyled|depth|inlineStyleRanges|entityRanges|data|961449|bash|961450|#+succeeds+if+filename+ends+with+.txt
[[+$filename+=~+"."txt$+]]
#+succeeds+if+filename+does+not+end+with+.txt
!+[[+$filename+=~+"."txt$+]]
#+another+way+of+writing+the+negative
[[+!+$filename+=~+"."txt$+]]|code-block|syntax|javascript|961451|grep|961452|#+succeeds+if+filename+ends+with+.txt
egrep+-q+"\.txt$"+<<<"$filename"
#+succeeds+if+filename+does+not+end+with+.txt
egrep+-qv+"\.txt$"+<<<"$filename"|961453|awk|961454|/\.txt$/+{+print+"line+ends+with+.txt"+}
!+/\.txt$/+{+print+"line+doesn't+end+with+.txt"+}
$1+~+/\.txt$/+{+print+"first+field+ends+with+.txt"+}
$1+!~+/\.txt$/+{+print+"first+field+doesn't+end+with+.txt"+}|961455|对于冒险性，posix将在任何posix兼容的regex引擎中工作。|961456|/[%5Et]$%7C[%5Ex]t$%7C[%5Et]xt$%7C[%5E.]txt$/|961457|entityMap^0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0^^$0|@$1|2|3|4|5|6|7|W|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|B|3|C|5|6|7|X|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|D|3|E|5|F|7|Y|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|I|3|J|5|6|7|Z|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|K|3|L|5|F|7|10|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|M|3|N|5|6|7|11|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|O|3|P|5|F|7|12|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|Q|3|R|5|6|7|13|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]|$1|S|3|T|5|F|7|14|8|@]|9|@]|A|$G|H]]|$1|U|3|-4|5|6|7|15|8|@]|9|@]|A|$]]]|V|$]]

It really depends what regular expression tool you are using. Many tools provide a way to invert the sense of a regex. For example:

<h3>bash</h3>

<pre><code># succeeds if filename ends with .txt
[[ $filename =~ "."txt$ ]]
# succeeds if filename does not end with .txt
! [[ $filename =~ "."txt$ ]]
# another way of writing the negative
[[ ! $filename =~ "."txt$ ]]
</code></pre>

<h3>grep</h3>

<pre><code># succeeds if filename ends with .txt
egrep -q "\.txt$" &lt;&lt;&lt;"$filename"
# succeeds if filename does not end with .txt
egrep -qv "\.txt$" &lt;&lt;&lt;"$filename"
</code></pre>

<h3>awk</h3>

<pre><code>/\.txt$/ { print "line ends with .txt" }
! /\.txt$/ { print "line doesn't end with .txt" }
$1 ~ /\.txt$/ { print "first field ends with .txt" }
$1 !~ /\.txt$/ { print "first field doesn't end with .txt" }
</code></pre>

<h3>For the adventurous, a posix ERE which will work in any posix compatible regex engine</h3>

<pre><code>/[^t]$|[^x]t$|[^t]xt$|[^.]txt$/
</code></pre>

<hr>

For a list of files, I'd like to match the ones not ending with <code>.txt</code>. I am currently using this expression:

<pre><code>.*(txt$)|(html\.txt$)
</code></pre>

<a href="http://regex101.com/r/zA5jR3/1" rel="nofollow">This expression will match everything ending in <code>.txt</code>, but I'd like it to do the opposite.</a>

<hr>

Should match:

<pre><code>happiness.html
joy.png
fear.src
</code></pre>

Should not match:

<pre><code>madness.html.txt
excitement.txt
</code></pre>

<hr>

I'd like to get this so I can use it in pair with <a href="http://emcrisostomo.github.io/fswatch/" rel="nofollow">fswatch</a>:

<pre><code>fswatch -0 -e 'regex here' . | xargs -0 -n 1 -I {} echo "{} has been changed"
</code></pre>

The problem is it doesn't seem to work.

PS: I use the tag bash instead of fswatch because I don't have enough reputation points to create it. Sorry!

Regex with fswatch - Exclude files not ending with ".txt"

翻译质量差，导致语言生硬或混乱。

没有提供实际的解决方法或示例。

解答不清晰，无法理解或解决问题。

页面排版不美观，阅读体验差。

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对于文件列表，我想要匹配那些不以.txt结尾的文件。我目前正在使用这个表达式：.*(txt$)|(html\.txt$)应该匹配：happiness.htmljoy.pngfear.src not match:madness.html.txtexcitement.txt我想要这个，这样我就可以和成对使用了fswatch -0 -e 'regex here' . | xargs -0 -n 1 -I

问使用fswatch的Regex -不以".txt“结尾的排除文件
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