问如何判断Unix管道中的下游进程是否已崩溃

EN

$ gcc -Wall select-downstream-crash.c -o select-downstream-crash
$ gcc -Wall crash-in-five-seconds.c -o crash-in-five-seconds
$ ./select-downstream-crash | ./crash-in-five-seconds
    ... five seconds pass ...
stdout is ready for reading
Segmentation fault

#include <err.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main(void)
{
    fd_set readfds;
    int rc;

    FD_ZERO(&readfds);
    FD_SET(STDOUT_FILENO, &readfds);

    rc = select(STDOUT_FILENO + 1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    if (rc < 0)
        err(1, "select");

    if (FD_ISSET(STDOUT_FILENO, &readfds))
        fprintf(stderr, "stdout is ready for reading\n");

    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main(void)
{
    sleep(5);
    putchar(*(char*)NULL);
    return 0;
}