问Ruby如何使用构造函数？

class Vehicle
  VEHICLES = {}

  def self.register_vehicle name
    VEHICLES[name] = self
  end

  def self.vehicle_from_name name
    VEHICLES[name].new
  end
end

class Bike < Vehicle
  register_vehicle 'mountain bike'
end

class Car < Vehicle
  register_vehicle 'ferrari'
end

> Vehicle.vehicle_from_name 'ferrari'
=> #<Car:0x7f5780840448>
> Vehicle.vehicle_from_name 'mountain bike'
=> #<Bike:0x7f5780839198>

require 'require_all'
require_rel 'vehicles'

class Vehicle
  def Vehicle.factory vt
    { :Bike => Bike, :Car => Car }[vt].new
  end
end

class Bike < Vehicle
end

class Car < Vehicle
end

c = Vehicle.factory :Car
c.class.factory :Bike