如何开发人事及OA管理系统的招聘管理板块？（附架构图+流程图+代码参考）

css
（架构图 - mermaid）
```mermaid
graph LR
  subgraph Frontend
    A[招聘管理 Web / 移动端]
  end
  subgraph API
    B[API 网关]
    C[Auth 服务]
    D[Recruit 服务]
    E[Resume Parser]
  end
  subgraph Infra
    DB[(Postgres)]
    ES[(ElasticSearch)]
    Redis[(Redis)]
    MQ[(RabbitMQ)]
    S3[(Object Storage)]
    Mail[SMTP]
    Calendar[Calendar API]
  end
  A --> B --> D
  D --> DB
  D --> ES
  D --> Redis
  D --> MQ
  D --> S3
  D --> Mail
  D --> Calendar
  E --> D
  MQ --> E

sql
-- JD 模板
CREATE TABLE jd_template (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  title VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
  dept_id INT,
  level VARCHAR(50),
  must_have TEXT,
  nice_to_have TEXT,
  responsibilities TEXT,
  salary_min INT,
  salary_max INT,
  tags TEXT[],
  created_by INT,
  created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT now()
);
-- 招聘需求（申请单）
CREATE TABLE recruit_request (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  jd_id INT REFERENCES jd_template(id),
  dept_id INT,
  position VARCHAR(200),
  headcount INT,
  priority VARCHAR(20),
  expected_join_date DATE,
  status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'pending', -- pending/approved/rejected
  requested_by INT,
  created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT now()
);

js
// POST /api/recruit/requests
app.post('/api/recruit/requests', async (req, res) => {
  const { jdId, deptId, position, headcount, expectedJoinDate } = req.body;
  const reqRec = await RecruitRequest.create({
    jd_id: jdId, dept_id: deptId, position, headcount, expected_join_date: expectedJoinDate, requested_by: req.user.id
  });
  // 触发审批流程（可以发到 MQ）
  mq.publish('approval.new', { type: 'recruit_request', id: reqRec.id });
  res.json(reqRec);
});

sql
-- 候选人表
CREATE TABLE candidate (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  name VARCHAR(100),
  email VARCHAR(200),
  phone VARCHAR(50),
  latest_company VARCHAR(200),
  latest_title VARCHAR(200),
  skills TEXT[],
  resume_text TEXT,
  resume_url TEXT,
  created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT now()
);

js
// 简历解析流程（伪代码）
mq.consume('resume.uploaded', async (msg) => {
  const { resumeUrl, jobId } = msg;
  const text = await ocrOrPdfToText(resumeUrl);
  const parsed = parseResumeText(text); // 自己实现关键字段抽取
  const candidate = await Candidate.upsertByPhoneOrEmail(parsed);
  // 计算匹配度
  const jd = await JD.findByPk(jobId);
  const score = scoreCandidate(parsed, jd);
  if(score > 0.7) {
    // 推送到用人经理
    notifyHiringManager(jobId, candidate, score);
  }
  // index to ES
  es.index('candidate', { id: candidate.id, text: parsed.fullText, skills: parsed.skills });
});

js
function scoreCandidate(parsed, jd) {
  let score = 0;
  // 经验年限得分
  const expYears = parsed.years || 0;
  score += Math.min(expYears / jd.needYears, 1) * 0.4;
  // 技能匹配（标签重合率）
  const skillMatchRatio = intersect(parsed.skills, jd.skills).length / jd.skills.length;
  score += skillMatchRatio * 0.4;
  // 学历/证书/行业匹配
  if(parsed.major === jd.requiredMajor) score += 0.1;
  if(parsed.industry === jd.industry) score += 0.1;
  return score;
}

jsx
<Table dataSource={candidates}>
  <Column title="姓名" dataIndex="name"/>
  <Column title="匹配度" render={(text, row) => <Progress percent={Math.round(row.score*100)}/>}/>
  <Column title="操作" render={(text, row) => <Button onClick={() => inviteToInterview(row.id)}>邀约面试</Button>}/>
</Table>

sql
CREATE TABLE interview (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  candidate_id INT REFERENCES candidate(id),
  job_id INT,
  round INT,
  interviewer_ids INT[],
  scheduled_at TIMESTAMP,
  status VARCHAR(20), -- scheduled/done/cancelled
  feedback JSONB,
  created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT now()
);

js
// POST /api/interviews
app.post('/api/interviews', async (req, res) => {
  const interview = await Interview.create(req.body);
  // 调用 calendar API 同步事件
  await calendar.createEvent(interview);
  // 发送通知
  notifyInterviewers(interview);
  res.json(interview);
});

sql
CREATE TABLE offer (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  candidate_id INT REFERENCES candidate(id),
  job_id INT,
  salary INT,
  bonus JSONB,
  status VARCHAR(20), -- draft/sent/accepted/rejected
  sent_at TIMESTAMP,
  responded_at TIMESTAMP,
  notes TEXT
);

js
async function sendOfferEmail(offer) {
  const candidate = await Candidate.findByPk(offer.candidate_id);
  const job = await JD.findByPk(offer.job_id);
  const html = renderOfferTemplate(candidate, job, offer);
  await mailer.send({ to: candidate.email, subject: `【${job.title}】Offer`, html });
  await Offer.update({ status:'sent', sent_at: new Date() }, { where: { id: offer.id }});
}

sql
SELECT job_id,
  COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE event='applied') AS applied,
  COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE event='screen_pass') AS screen_pass,
  COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE event='interview_pass') AS interview_pass,
  COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE event='offer_accepted') AS accepted
FROM recruitment_events
WHERE created_at BETWEEN '2025-01-01' AND '2025-07-31'
GROUP BY job_id;

js
app.post('/api/resumes/upload', async (req, res) => {
  // 假设前端上传到 S3，然后回传 resumeUrl
  const { resumeUrl, jobId } = req.body;
  // 入队
  await mq.publish('resume.uploaded', { resumeUrl, jobId });
  res.json({ ok: true });
});

js
mq.consume('resume.uploaded', async (msg) => {
  const { resumeUrl, jobId } = msg;
  const text = await pdfToText(resumeUrl);
  const parsed = parseResume(text);
  const cand = await Candidate.upsert({ email: parsed.email, phone: parsed.phone, ...parsed });
  const jd = await JD.findByPk(jobId);
  const score = scoreCandidate(parsed, jd);
  if(score > 0.7) {
    await Notification.sendHiringManager(jobId, cand.id, score);
  }
});