将DHT11数据接入小爱

逍遥子大表哥

发布于 2025-07-28 20:57:46

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文章被收录于专栏：kali blogkali blog

在前期的文章中，我们讲到了如何将DHT11传感器的数据接入Homeassistant。但是数据却无法同步到小爱同学。本文，让我们一起来解决此问题。

DHT11数据接入HA

原因分析

目前，我是通过巴法云插件接入的小爱。通过阅读官方文档，得知我的数据格式不对。

即，数据格式需为#25#56这样的，而目前我们是json数据格式{"humi":53,"temp":21} 因此，我们需要对数据格式进行转换。

代码

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <DHT.h>

// 网络配置
const char* ssid = "PDCN";
const char* password = "1234567890";

// MQTT配置
const char* mqtt_server = "mqtt服务器IP";
const int mqtt_port = 1883;
const char* mqtt_user = "admin";
const char* mqtt_pass = "admin";
const char* topic = "xiaoyaozi";#订阅主题
const char* clientId = "biaoge666";#设备id

// DHT11配置
#define DHTPIN D3        // D3引脚连接DHT11
#define DHTTYPE DHT11
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);

WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);

void setup_wifi() {
  delay(10);
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);
  
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
}

void reconnect() {
  while (!client.connected()) {
    Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");
    if (client.connect("ESP8266Client", mqtt_user, mqtt_pass)) {
      Serial.println("connected");
    } else {
      Serial.print("failed, rc=");
      Serial.print(client.state());
      Serial.println(" retrying in 5 seconds");
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  dht.begin();
  setup_wifi();
  client.setServer(mqtt_server, mqtt_port);
}

void loop() {
  if (!client.connected()) {
    reconnect();
  }
  client.loop();

  static unsigned long lastMsgTime = 0;
  unsigned long now = millis();
  
  // 每2秒读取一次数据
  if (now - lastMsgTime > 2000) {
    lastMsgTime = now;
    
    float h = dht.readHumidity();
    float t = dht.readTemperature();
    
    if (isnan(h) || isnan(t)) {
      Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
      return;
    }
    
    // 创建数据格式 #温度#湿度
    char msg[20];
    snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "#%d#%d", (int)t, (int)h);
    
    Serial.print("Publish message: ");
    Serial.println(msg);
    
    client.publish(topic, msg);
  }
}

完成后，发送数据效果如下：

配置HA

接下来，我们需要对HA的配置文件进行修改。

 # 温度传感器
    - unique_id: dht11_temperature
      name: "Living Room Temperature"
      state_topic: "xiaoyaozi"  # 与Arduino代码中的主题一致
      unit_of_measurement: "℃"
      value_template: >
        {% set parts = value.split('#') %}
        {{ parts[1] | float }}
      device_class: temperature
      suggested_display_precision: 1

    # 湿度传感器
    - unique_id: dht11_humidity
      name: "Living Room Humidity"
      state_topic: "xiaoyaozi"  # 与Arduino代码中的主题一致
      unit_of_measurement: "%"
      value_template: >
        {% set parts = value.split('#') %}
        {{ parts[2] | float }}
      device_class: humidity
      suggested_display_precision: 1

代码说明：

对于输入数据#21#45：