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SpringBoot快速搭建WebSocket服务端和客户端

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发布于 2025-05-20 06:01:04

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代码可运行

由于工作需要,研究了SpringBoot搭建WebSocket双向通信的过程,其他的教程看了许多,感觉讲得太复杂,很容易弄乱,这里我只展示快速搭建过程

SpringBoot-WebSocket

Server

引入SpringBoot集成WebSocket

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置WebSocketServerConfig

@Configuration
@EnableWebSocket
public class WebSocketServerConfig implements WebSocketConfigurer {
    @Bean
    public WebSocketHandler webSocketHandler() {
        return new WebSocketServerHandler();
    }

    @Override
    public void registerWebSocketHandlers(WebSocketHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry
                .addHandler(webSocketHandler(), "/ws")//添加处理器并指定WebSocket的endpoint端点
                .setAllowedOrigins("*"); //允许跨域访问
    }
}

配置WebSocketServerHandler

@Slf4j
public class WebSocketServerHandler extends TextWebSocketHandler {

    /**
     * 处理连接后的逻辑
     * @param session:WebSocketSession域对象,有获取通信信息,发送消息,打开关闭通道等等功能
     */
    @Override
    public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {
        log.info("Server: WebSocket connection established");
    }

    /**
     * 处理客户端发送的消息
     * @param session:WebSocketSession域对象,有获取通信信息,发送消息,打开关闭通道等等功能
     * @param message:客户端发送的文本消息
     */
    @Override
    protected void handleTextMessage(WebSocketSession session, TextMessage message) throws Exception {
        log.info("Server: Received message: " + message.getPayload());
        session.sendMessage(new TextMessage("Server: Hello, client!"));
    }
}

Client

引入SpringBoot集成WebSocket

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置WebSocketClientConfig

/**
 * WebSocket客户端配置
 * @author Lenovo
 * @date 2023/11/22
 */
@Configuration
@EnableScheduling
public class WebSocketClientConfig {
    @Bean
    public WebSocketClientHandler myWebSocketClientHandler() {
        return new WebSocketClientHandler();
    }
}

配置WebSocketClientHandler

@Component
@Slf4j
@Data
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "websocket")
public class WebSocketClientHandler extends StandardWebSocketClient implements WebSocketHandler {
    private WebSocketSession session;
    private String url;

    /**
     * 连接WebSocket服务端
     */
//    @Scheduled(fixedDelay = 60000) // 每隔1分钟连接一次
    public void connect() throws Exception {
        WebSocketClient client = new StandardWebSocketClient();
        session = client.doHandshake(new WebSocketClientHandler(), url).get();
        log.info("Client: WebSocket connection established");
    }

    /**
     * 关闭WebSocket连接
     */
    @PreDestroy
    public void close() throws Exception {
        session.close();
    }

    /**
     * @param message:向服务端发送的消息
     */
    public void sendMessage(String message) throws Exception {
        session.sendMessage(new TextMessage(message));
    }

//    @Scheduled(fixedDelay = 5000)
//    public void sendMessage() throws Exception {
//        session.sendMessage(new TextMessage("message"));
//    }

    /**
     * 处理连接后的逻辑
     * @param session:WebSocketSession域对象,有获取通信信息,发送消息,打开关闭通道等等功能
     */
    @Override
    public void afterConnectionEstablished(WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {
        log.info("Client: WebSocket connection established");
    }
    /**
     * 处理客户端发送的消息
     * @param session:WebSocketSession域对象,有获取通信信息,发送消息,打开关闭通道等等功能
     * @param message:客户端发送的文本消息
     */
    @Override
    public void handleMessage(WebSocketSession session, WebSocketMessage<?> message) throws Exception {
        log.info("Client: Received message: " + message.getPayload());
        session.sendMessage(new TextMessage("Client: Hello, server!"));
    }

    /**
     * 处理发生的错误
     * @param session:WebSocketSession域对象,有获取通信信息,发送消息,打开关闭通道等等功能
     * @param exception:通信出现的异常
     */
    @Override
    public void handleTransportError(WebSocketSession session, Throwable exception) throws Exception {
        log.info("Client: Error Occurred: " + exception.getMessage());
    }

    /**
     * 连接关闭
     */
    @Override
    public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus closeStatus) throws Exception {
        log.info("Client: Connection Closed");
    }

    /**
     * 用于判断服务器或客户端是否支持分片消息partial message
     * WebSocket 协议规范要求所有的 WebSocket 实现都必须支持接收和处理完整的消息
     * @return boolean
     */
    @Override
    public boolean supportsPartialMessages() {
        return false;
    }
}