Redis：现代服务端开发的缓存基石与电商实践-优雅草卓伊凡

graph TD
    A[客户端] -->|读写请求| B[Redis内存数据库]
    B --> C[持久化存储]
    C --> D[磁盘文件]

// Java Spring Boot示例
@PostMapping("/confirm-receipt")
public Result confirmReceipt(@RequestParam String orderId) {
    // 1. 先查Redis缓存
    String key = "order:" + orderId;
    OrderStatus status = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);

    // 2. 缓存不存在则查数据库
    if(status == null) {
        status = orderService.getStatusFromDB(orderId);
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, status, 30, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
    }

    // 3. 执行确认收货逻辑
    if(status.canConfirmReceipt()) {
        orderService.confirmReceipt(orderId);
        // 更新缓存
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, OrderStatus.COMPLETED, 24, TimeUnit.HOURS);
        return Result.success();
    }
    return Result.fail("当前状态不可确认收货");
}

// PHP实现确认收货的分布式锁
$redis = new Redis();
$redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);

$lockKey = 'receipt_lock:' . $orderId;
$token = uniqid();

// 获取锁
if ($redis->set($lockKey, $token, ['nx', 'ex' => 30])) {
    try {
        // 核心业务逻辑
        confirmReceiptProcess($orderId);
    } finally {
        // Lua脚本保证原子性释放锁
        $script = "
        if redis.call('get',KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1] then
            return redis.call('del',KEYS[1])
        else
            return 0
        end";
        $redis->eval($script, [$lockKey, $token], 1);
    }
}

# 性能对比测试数据（单位：QPS）
databases = {
    'MySQL': 5000,
    'MongoDB': 15000,
    'Redis': 100000
}
![](https://doc2.youyacao.com/server/index.php?s=/api/attachment/visitFile&sign=8c3160d31303650224e63cb0cad962df)
# 可视化对比
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.bar(databases.keys(), databases.values())
plt.title('Database QPS Comparison')
plt.ylabel('Queries Per Second')
plt.show()

@Configuration
@EnableCaching
public class RedisConfig {
    @Bean
    public RedisCacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
        return RedisCacheManager.builder(factory)
            .cacheDefaults(RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()
                .entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(10)))
            .build();
    }
}

// 配置示例
'redis' => [
    'client' => 'predis',
    'default' => [
        'host' => env('REDIS_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
        'password' => env('REDIS_PASSWORD', null),
        'port' => env('REDIS_PORT', 6379),
        'database' => 0,
    ],
];

// 使用示例
Redis::set('key', 'value', 'EX', 10);
$value = Redis::get('key');