Ohos-MPChart——支持多种图表绘制的组件

原创

小帅聊鸿蒙

发布于 2025-04-21 13:52:15

2330

简介

Ohos-MPChart是OpenAtom OpenHarmony（简称“OpenHarmony”）系统显示各种图表视图的三方组件，用于声明式应用开发，提供了多种多样的图表视图，包括折线图、曲线图、柱形图、饼状图、K线图、雷达图、气泡图。适用于各种统计后的数据以视觉直观的方式呈现。

使用场景

Ohos-MPChart为广大OpenHarmony应用开发者在处理数据时，使数据显示更加直观。尤其现在的大数据时代面对愈加庞大的数据只需要导入Ohos-MPChart三方组件，然后调用相关的接口就能实现各种各样的图表以方便数据汇总。

效果展示

组件功能描述

Ohos-MPChart是一个强大的图表视图，主要提供多种多样的图表视图，包括折线图、曲线图、柱形图、饼状图、K线图等等，具体功能模块如下：

开发环境

安装IDE：支持DevEco Studio 3.0 Release(Build Version 3.0.0.993)版本。

安装SDK：支持OpenHarmony API version 8 及以上版本

使用方法

图表一：折线图

1.下载Ohos-MPChart组件并导入LineChart自定义组件：

//下载mpchart组件
 npm install @ohos/mpchart --save
import { LineChart } from '@ohos/ohos_mpchart'

2.初始化数据

aboutToAppear() {
    this.lineData = this.initCurveData(45, 100);
    this.topAxis.setLabelCount(5, false);
    this.topAxis.setPosition(XAxisPosition.TOP);
    this.topAxis.setAxisMinimum(0);
    this.topAxis.setAxisMaximum(50);
    this.bottomAxis.setLabelCount(5, false);
this.bottomAxis.setPosition(XAxisPosition.BOTTOM);
    this.bottomAxis.setAxisMinimum(0);
    this.bottomAxis.setAxisMaximum(50);
    this.bottomAxis.setDrawAxisLine(false);
    this.bottomAxis.setDrawLabels(false)
 
    this.leftAxis = new YAxis(AxisDependency.LEFT);
    this.leftAxis.setLabelCount(7, false);
    this.leftAxis.setPosition(YAxisLabelPosition.OUTSIDE_CHART);
    this.leftAxis.setSpaceTop(15);
    this.leftAxis.setAxisMinimum(-50);
    this.leftAxis.setAxisMaximum(200);
    this.leftAxis.enableGridDashedLine(5,5,0)
 
    this.rightAxis = new YAxis(AxisDependency.RIGHT);
    this.rightAxis.setDrawGridLines(false);
    this.rightAxis.setLabelCount(7, false);
    this.rightAxis.setSpaceTop(11);
    this.rightAxis.setAxisMinimum(-50); // this replaces setStartAtZero(true)
    this.rightAxis.setAxisMaximum(200);
    this.rightAxis.setDrawAxisLine(false);
 
    var upperLimtLine:LimitLine= new LimitLine(150, "Upper Limit");
    upperLimtLine.setLineWidth(4);
    upperLimtLine.enableDashedLine(10, 10, 0);
    upperLimtLine.setLabelPosition(LimitLabelPosition.RIGHT_TOP);
    upperLimtLine.setTextSize(10);
 
    var lowerLimtLine:LimitLine= new LimitLine(-30, "Lower Limit");
    lowerLimtLine.setLineWidth(4);
    lowerLimtLine.enableDashedLine(5, 5, 0);
    lowerLimtLine.setLabelPosition(LimitLabelPosition.RIGHT_BOTTOM);
    lowerLimtLine.setTextSize(10);
 
    this.leftAxis.setDrawLimitLinesBehindData(true);
    this.leftAxis.addLimitLine(upperLimtLine);
    this.leftAxis.addLimitLine(lowerLimtLine);
  }
  private initCurveData(count: number, range: number): LineData {
 
    let values = new JArrayList<EntryOhos>();
 
    for (let i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
      let val: number = Math.random() * 180-30;
      values.add(newEntryOhos(i, val));
}
 
let gradientFillColor =newArray<ColorStop>();
    gradientFillColor.push(['#ffff0000',0.1])
    gradientFillColor.push(['#00ff0000',1.0])
 
let dataSet =newJArrayList<ILineDataSet>();
 
let set1 =newLineDataSet(values,"DataSet 1");
    set1.setDrawFilled(true);
    set1.enableDashedLine(10,5,0)
    set1.setMode(Mode.LINEAR);
    set1.setGradientFillColor(gradientFillColor)
    set1.setColorByColor(Color.Black);
    set1.setLineWidth(1)
    set1.setDrawCircles(true);
    set1.setCircleColor(Color.Black);
    set1.setCircleRadius(2);
    set1.setCircleHoleRadius(1)
    set1.setCircleHoleColor(Color.Green)
    set1.setDrawCircleHole(false)
    dataSet.add(set1);
 
returnnewLineData(dataSet)
}

3.添加数据到自定义曲线图表组件

build() {
    Stack({ alignContent: Alignment.TopStart }) {
       LineChart({
        topAxis: this.topAxis,
        bottomAxis: this.bottomAxis,
        width: this.width,
        height: this.height,
        minOffset: this.minOffset,
        leftAxis: this.leftAxis,
        rightAxis: this.rightAxis,
        lineData: this.lineData,
      })
    }
  }

图表二：柱状图

1.导入BarChart自定义组件：

import{BarChart,BarChartModel} from '@ohos/ohos_mpchart'

2.初始化数据

@State model:BarChartModel = new BarChartModel();
  width: number = 350; //表的宽度
  height: number = 500; //表的高度
  minOffset: number = 15; //X轴线偏移量
  leftAxis: YAxis = null;
  rightAxis: YAxis = null;
  bottomAxis: XAxis = new XAxis();
 
  private aboutToAppear(){
    this.leftAxis = new YAxis(AxisDependency.LEFT);
    this.leftAxis.setLabelCount(6, false);
    this.leftAxis.setPosition(YAxisLabelPosition.OUTSIDE_CHART);
    this.leftAxis.setSpaceTop(15);
    this.leftAxis.setAxisMinimum(0);
    this.leftAxis.setAxisMaximum(110);
    this.leftAxis.enableGridDashedLine(10,10,0)
 
    this.rightAxis = new YAxis(AxisDependency.RIGHT);
    this.rightAxis.setDrawGridLines(false);
    this.rightAxis.setLabelCount(6, false);
    this.rightAxis.setSpaceTop(11);
    this.rightAxis.setAxisMinimum(0);
    this.rightAxis.setAxisMaximum(110);
 
    this.bottomAxis.setLabelCount(5, false);
    this.bottomAxis.setPosition(XAxisPosition.BOTTOM);
    this.bottomAxis.setAxisMinimum(0);
    this.bottomAxis.setAxisMaximum(10);
 
    this.setData(this.bottomAxis.getAxisMaximum(),this.leftAxis.getAxisMaximum())
 
    this.model.width = this.width;
    this.model.height = this.height;
    this.model.init();
    this.model.setDrawBarShadow(false);
    this.model.setDrawValueAboveBar(true);
    this.model.getDescription().setEnabled(false);
    this.model.setMaxVisibleValueCount(60);
    this.model.setLeftYAxis(this.leftAxis);
    this.model.setRightYAxis(this.rightAxis);
    this.model.setXAxis(this.bottomAxis)
    this.model.mRenderer.initBuffers();
    this.model.prepareMatrixValuePx();
  }
  private setData(count: number, range: number) {
    let groupSpace: number = 0.08;
    let barSpace: number = 0.03; // x4 DataSet
    let barWidth: number = 0.2; // x4 DataSet
    let groupCount: number = count + 1;
    let startYear: number = 1980;
    letendYear: number = startYear + groupCount;
letvalues1:JArrayList<BarEntry>=
newJArrayList<BarEntry>();
letvalues2:JArrayList<BarEntry>=
newJArrayList<BarEntry>();
letvalues3:JArrayList<BarEntry>=
newJArrayList<BarEntry>();
letvalues4:JArrayList<BarEntry>=
newJArrayList<BarEntry>();
letrandomMultiplier: number = range;
for(let i = startYear; i < endYear; i++){
      values1.add(newBarEntry(i,
(Math.random()* randomMultiplier)))
      values2.add(newBarEntry(i,
(Math.random()* randomMultiplier)))
      values3.add(newBarEntry(i,
(Math.random()* randomMultiplier)))
      values4.add(newBarEntry(i,
(Math.random()* randomMultiplier)))
}
letset1: BarDataSet,set2:
    BarDataSet,set3: BarDataSet,set4: BarDataSet;
if(this.model.getBarData()!=null&&
this.model.getBarData().getDataSetCount()>0){
      set1 =this.model.getBarData().getDataSetByIndex(0) as BarDataSet;
      set2 =this.model.getBarData().getDataSetByIndex(1) as BarDataSet;
      set3 =this.model.getBarData().getDataSetByIndex(2) as BarDataSet;
      set4 =this.model.getBarData().getDataSetByIndex(3) as BarDataSet;
      set1.setValues(values1);
      set2.setValues(values2);
      set3.setValues(values3);
      set4.setValues(values4);
this.model.getBarData().notifyDataChanged();
this.model.notifyDataSetChanged();
 
}else{
letcolors: number[]=
[Color.rgb(104,241,175),Color.rgb(164,228,251),Color.rgb(242,247,158),Color.rgb(255,102,0)];
      set1 =newBarDataSet(values1,"Company A");
      set1.setColorsByArr(colors);
      set2 =newBarDataSet(values2,"Company B");
      set2.setColorsByArr(colors);
      set3 =newBarDataSet(values3,"Company C");
      set3.setColorsByArr(colors);
      set4 =newBarDataSet(values2,"Company D");
      set4.setColorsByArr(colors);
 
letdataSets: JArrayList<IBarDataSet>=
newJArrayList<IBarDataSet>();
      dataSets.add(set1);
      dataSets.add(set2);
      dataSets.add(set3);
      dataSets.add(set4);
 
letdata: BarData =newBarData(dataSets);
this.model.setData(data);
}
this.model.getBarData().setBarWidth(barWidth);
this.bottomAxis.setAxisMinimum(startYear);
this.bottomAxis.setAxisMaximum(startYear +this.model.getBarData().getGroupWidth(groupSpace, barSpace)* groupCount);
this.model.groupBars(startYear, groupSpace, barSpace);
}

3.添加数据到自定义曲线图表组件

build() {
    Stack(){
      BarChart({model:this.model})
    }
  }

图表三：饼状图

1.导入PieChart自定义组件：

import { PieChart } from '@ohos/ohos_mpchart'

DD一下：`欢迎大家关注公众号<程序猿百晓生>，可以了解到以下知识点。`

`欢迎大家关注公众号<程序猿百晓生>，可以了解到以下知识点。`
1.OpenHarmony开发基础
2.OpenHarmony北向开发环境搭建
3.鸿蒙南向开发环境的搭建
4.鸿蒙生态应用开发白皮书V2.0 & V3.0
5.鸿蒙开发面试真题（含参考答案） 
6.TypeScript入门学习手册
7.OpenHarmony 经典面试题(含参考答案)
8.OpenHarmony设备开发入门【最新版】
9.沉浸式剖析OpenHarmony源代码
10.系统定制指南
11.【OpenHarmony】Uboot 驱动加载流程
12.OpenHarmony构建系统--GN与子系统、部件、模块详解
13.ohos开机init启动流程
14.鸿蒙版性能优化指南
.......

2.初始化数据

pieData: PieData = null;
  @State pieModel: PieChart.Model = new PieChart.Model()
  @State @Watch("seekBarXValueWatch")
  seekBarX: SeekBar.Model = new SeekBar.Model()
  @State @Watch("seekBarYValueWatch")
  seekBarY: SeekBar.Model = new SeekBar.Model()
  parties: string[] = [
    "Party A", "Party B", "Party C", "Party D", "Party E", "Party F", "Party G", "Party H",
    "Party I", "Party J", "Party K", "Party L", "Party M", "Party N", "Party O", "Party P",
    "Party Q", "Party R", "Party S", "Party T", "Party U", "Party V", "Party W", "Party X",
    "Party Y", "Party Z"]
 
  private aboutToAppear(): void {
    this.pieData = this.initPieData(4, 10);
    this.pieModel
      .setPieData(this.pieData)
      .setRadius(150)
      .setHoleRadius(0.5)
      .setOffset(new MPPointF(160,200))   // vp
  }
  private initPieData(count: number,
  range: number): PieData{
    let entries = new JArrayList<PieEntry>();
    for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
      entries.add(new PieEntry(((Math.random() * range) + range / 5), this.parties[i % this.parties.length]))
    }
    //        entries.add(new PieEntry(4,'Party A'))
    //        entries.add(new PieEntry(2,'Party B'))
    //        entries.add(new PieEntry(5,'Party C'))
    //        entries.add(new PieEntry(3,'Party D'))
 
    let dataSet: PieDataSet = new PieDataSet(entries,
     "Election Results");
    dataSet.setDrawIcons(false);
    dataSet.setSliceSpace(3);
    dataSet.setIconsOffset(new MPPointF(0, 40));
    dataSet.setSelectionShift(5);
 
    // add a lot of colors
    let colors: JArrayList<number> = new JArrayList();
    for (let index = 0;
    index < ColorTemplate.VORDIPLOM_COLORS.length; index++) {
      colors.add(ColorTemplate.VORDIPLOM_COLORS[index]);
    }
 
    for(let index =0;
    index < ColorTemplate.JOYFUL_COLORS.length; index++){
      colors.add(ColorTemplate.JOYFUL_COLORS[index]);
}
 
for(let index =0;
    index < ColorTemplate.COLORFUL_COLORS.length; index++){
      colors.add(ColorTemplate.COLORFUL_COLORS[index]);
}
for(let index =0;
    index < ColorTemplate.LIBERTY_COLORS.length; index++){
      colors.add(ColorTemplate.LIBERTY_COLORS[index]);
}
for(let index =0;
    index < ColorTemplate.PASTEL_COLORS.length; index++){
      colors.add(ColorTemplate.PASTEL_COLORS[index]);
}
    colors.add(ColorTemplate.getHoloBlue());
    dataSet.setColorsByList(colors);
returnnewPieData(dataSet)
}

3.添加数据到自定义曲线图表组件

build() {
    Column() {
      PieChart({
        model: this.pieModel
      }) 
}

图表四：雷达图

1.导入RadarChart自定义组件：

import { RadarChart } from '@ohos/ohos_mpchart';

2.初始化数据

width: number = 300; //表的宽度
  height: number = 300 //表的高度
  minOffset: number = 5; //X轴线偏移量
  xAxis: XAxis = new XAxis(); //顶部X轴
  yAxis: YAxis = new YAxis();
  data:RadarData= new RadarData();
  @State
  radarChartMode:RadarChartMode=new RadarChartMode();
public aboutToAppear() {
    this.model.menuItemArr = this.menuItemArr
    this.model.title = this.title
 
    this.data=this.initRadarData( 5,50)
    this.xAxis.setTextSize(9);
    this.xAxis.setYOffset(0);
    this.xAxis.setXOffset(0);
    this.xAxis.setTextColor(Color.White);
    const mActivities:string[] = ["Burger", "Steak", "Salad", "Pasta", "Pizza"];
    this.xAxis.setValueFormatter(new
    class RadarAxisValueFormatter
    implements IAxisValueFormatter{
      public  getFormattedValue( value:number,
        axis:AxisBase):string {
        return mActivities[value % mActivities.length];
      }
    });
    this.xAxis.longest=mActivities[0];
    this.yAxis.setLabelCount(5, false);
    this.yAxis.setTextSize(9);
    this.yAxis.setAxisMinimum(0);
    this.yAxis.setAxisMaximum(80);
    this.yAxis.setDrawLabels(false);
 
    this.radarChartMode.mRotateEnabled=false
    this.radarChartMode.setYExtraOffset(this.model.height)
    this.radarChartMode.setXAxis(this.xAxis)
    this.radarChartMode.setYAxis(this.yAxis)
    this.radarChartMode.setWidth(this.width)
    this.radarChartMode.setHeight(this.height)
    this.radarChartMode.setMinOffset(this.minOffset)
    this.radarChartMode.setData(this.data)
    this.radarChartMode.setPaddingLeft(30)
    this.radarChartMode.setPaddingTop(100)
    this.radarChartMode.init();
    //this.animate('Animate XY')
  }
 
  private initRadarData(count: number,
  range: number): RadarData {
    let mul:number = 80;
    let min:number = 20;
    let cnt:number =5;
let entries1 =newJArrayList<RadarEntry>();
let entries2 =newJArrayList<RadarEntry>();
 
//NOTE: The order of the entries when being added to the entries array determines their position around the center of
// the chart.
for(let i =0; i < cnt; i++){
letval1:number = Math.random()* mul + min;
      entries1.add(newRadarEntry(val1));
 
letval2:number = Math.random()* mul + min;
      entries2.add(newRadarEntry(val2));
}
letset1:RadarDataSet =newRadarDataSet(entries1,
"Last Week");
    set1.setColorByColor(0xb4676e81);
    set1.setFillColor(0xb4676e81);
    set1.setDrawFilled(true);
    set1.setFillAlpha(180);
    set1.setLineWidth(2);
    set1.setDrawHighlightCircleEnabled(true);
    set1.setDrawHighlightIndicators(false);
    set1.setHighlightCircleStrokeColor(0xffffffff);
    set1.setHighlightCircleFillColor(0xb4676e81)
    set1.setDrawValues(true)
    set1.setIconsOffset(newMPPointF(0,px2vp(0)));
 
letset2:RadarDataSet =newRadarDataSet(entries2,"This Week");
    set2.setColorByColor(0xb479a2af);
    set2.setFillColor(0xb479a2af);
    set2.setDrawFilled(true);
    set2.setFillAlpha(180);
    set2.setLineWidth(2);
    set2.setDrawHighlightCircleEnabled(true);
    set2.setDrawHighlightIndicators(false);
    set2.setHighlightCircleStrokeColor(0xffffffff);
    set2.setHighlightCircleFillColor(0xb479a2af)
    set2.setDrawValues(true)
    set2.setIconsOffset(newMPPointF(0,px2vp(0)));
 
let sets =newJArrayList<IRadarDataSet>();
    sets.add(set1);
    sets.add(set2);
//
letdata:RadarData =newRadarData(sets);
    data.setValueTextSize(8);
    data.setDrawValues(this.isDrawValuesEnable);
    data.setValueTextColor(Color.White);
return data
}
  public getFormattedValue(value: number): string {
    var str =String(value.toFixed(1)).split(".");
if(str[1]=="0"){
return str[0];
}else{
returnString(value.toFixed(1))
}
}

3.添加数据到自定义曲线图表组件

build() {
    Column() {
      Stack({ alignContent: Alignment.TopStart }) {
        RadarChart({
          radarChartMode:this.radarChartMode,
        })
      }
    }
  }

其他图表使用方式与以上图表使用方法基本一致