HarmonyOS NEXT AI基础语音服务-语音输入
原创
HarmonyOS NEXT AI基础语音服务-语音输入
原创
用户8181473
发布于 2025-03-30 13:29:31
发布于 2025-03-30 13:29:31
代码可运行
运行总次数：0
代码可运行
案例描述
这是一个基于AI基础语音服务实现的实时语音转文字案例，通过麦克风采集音频并实时转换为文本。
实现步骤：
1. 导入必要模块
import { speechRecognizer } from '@kit.CoreSpeechKit'
import { abilityAccessCtrl } from '@kit.AbilityKit'
import { promptAction } from '@kit.ArkUI'2. 申请麦克风权限
async requestPermissions() {
const atManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager();
const res = await atManager.requestPermissionsFromUser(getContext(), ['ohos.permission.MICROPHONE'])
this.hasPermissions =
res.authResults.every(grantStatus => grantStatus === abilityAccessCtrl.GrantStatus.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
}3. 初始化语音识别引擎
async startRecord() {
if (canIUse('SystemCapability.AI.SpeechRecognizer')) {
this.asrEngine = await speechRecognizer.createEngine({
language: 'zh-CN',
online: 1
})
// ...引擎初始化代码...
}
} "requestPermissions": [
{
"name": "ohos.permission.MICROPHONE",
"reason": "$string:EntryAbility_label",
"usedScene": {}
}
],4. 设置语音识别回调
this.asrEngine.setListener({
onResult(sessionId: string, result: speechRecognizer.SpeechRecognitionResult) {
_this.text = result.result // 实时更新识别结果
if (result.isLast) { // 识别结束处理
_this.isRecording = false
}
},
// ...其他回调方法...
})5. 配置音频参数
const audioParam: speechRecognizer.AudioInfo = {
audioType: 'pcm', // 音频格式
sampleRate: 16000, // 采样率
soundChannel: 1, // 单声道
sampleBit: 16 // 采样位数
}落地代码：
完整组件结构
@Entry
@ComponentV2
struct SpeechRecognizer {
@Local isRecording: boolean = false
@Local text: string = ''
hasPermissions: boolean = false
asrEngine?: speechRecognizer.SpeechRecognitionEngine
// 组件生命周期方法
aboutToAppear(): void {
this.requestPermissions()
}
// ...其他方法实现...
}UI交互设计
build() {
Column() {
// 文本展示区域
Row() {
Text(this.text)
.width('100%')
}
// 长按语音按钮
Button(this.isRecording ? '开始 说话' : '按住 说话')
.gesture(LongPressGesture()
.onAction(() => this.startRecord())
.onActionEnd(() => this.closeRecord()))
}
}总结梳理：
核心点
- 权限管理：使用
AbilityKit动态申请麦克风权限 - 引擎生命周期：在组件
aboutToAppear初始化，操作结束及时释放资源 - 语音识别流程：
- 创建识别引擎
- 配置音频参数（PCM格式/16K采样率）
- 设置结果回调实时更新UI
- 长按手势控制识别启停
- 异常处理：通过
promptAction提示权限异常和设备忙状态
完整代码
import { speechRecognizer } from '@kit.CoreSpeechKit'
import { abilityAccessCtrl } from '@kit.AbilityKit'
import { promptAction } from '@kit.ArkUI'
@Entry
@ComponentV2
struct SpeechRecognizer {
@Local isRecording: boolean = false
@Local text: string = ''
hasPermissions: boolean = false
asrEngine?: speechRecognizer.SpeechRecognitionEngine
aboutToAppear(): void {
// 获取麦克风权限
this.requestPermissions()
}
async requestPermissions() {
const atManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager();
const res = await atManager.requestPermissionsFromUser(getContext(), ['ohos.permission.MICROPHONE'])
this.hasPermissions =
res.authResults.every(grantStatus => grantStatus === abilityAccessCtrl.GrantStatus.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
}
// 开始麦克风识别
async startRecord() {
if (canIUse('SystemCapability.AI.SpeechRecognizer')) {
if (!this.hasPermissions) {
return promptAction.showToast({ message: '麦克风未授权' })
}
if (this.isRecording) {
return promptAction.showToast({ message: '正在录制...' })
}
this.isRecording = true
this.asrEngine = await speechRecognizer.createEngine({
language: 'zh-CN',
online: 1
})
const _this = this
this.asrEngine.setListener({
onStart(sessionId: string, eventMessage: string) {
},
onEvent(sessionId: string, eventCode: number, eventMessage: string) {
},
onResult(sessionId: string, result: speechRecognizer.SpeechRecognitionResult) {
_this.text = result.result
if (result.isLast) {
_this.isRecording = false
}
},
onComplete(sessionId: string, eventMessage: string) {
},
onError(sessionId: string, errorCode: number, errorMessage: string) {
}
})
const audioParam: speechRecognizer.AudioInfo = {
audioType: 'pcm',
sampleRate: 16000,
soundChannel: 1,
sampleBit: 16
}
const extraParam: Record<string, Object> = {
"recognitionMode": 0,
"vadBegin": 2000,
"vadEnd": 3000,
"maxAudioDuration": 20000
}
const recognizerParams: speechRecognizer.StartParams = {
sessionId: '10000',
audioInfo: audioParam,
extraParams: extraParam
}
this.asrEngine.startListening(recognizerParams)
}
}
async closeRecord() {
if (canIUse('SystemCapability.AI.SpeechRecognizer')) {
this.asrEngine?.finish('10000')
this.asrEngine?.cancel('10000')
this.asrEngine?.shutdown()
}
}
build() {
Column() {
Row() {
Text(this.text)
.width('100%')
.lineHeight(32)
}
.alignItems(VerticalAlign.Top)
.width('100%')
.layoutWeight(1)
Button(this.isRecording ? '开始 说话' : '按住 说话')
.width('100%')
.gesture(LongPressGesture()
.onAction(() => {
this.startRecord()
})
.onActionEnd(() => {
this.closeRecord()
})
.onActionCancel(() => {
this.closeRecord()
}))
}
.padding(15)
.height('100%')
.width('100%')
}
}原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。
如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。
原创声明：本文系作者授权腾讯云开发者社区发表，未经许可，不得转载。
如有侵权，请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除。
评论
登录后参与评论
推荐阅读
目录
腾讯云开发者
