【Spring Cloud】008-Zuul路由网关

訾博ZiBo

发布于 2025-01-06 15:56:50

570

一、概述

1、Zuul包含了对请求的路由和过滤两个最主要的功能

其中路由功能负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上，是实现外部访问统一入口的基础，而**过滤器功能则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预,**是实现请求校验,服务聚合等功能的基础。Zuul和Eureka进行整合, 将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用，同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的消息，也即以后的访问微服务都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。注意：Zuu|服务最终还是会注册进Eureka；提供：代理+路由+过滤三大功能！

二、代码演示

1、创建一个新的模块zuul-9527，并导入坐标

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zibo</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-zuul-9527</artifactId>
    <!--实体类 + web-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--zuul-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Hystrix-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--健康监控模块-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--集成Ribbon-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.zibo</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署工具-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

2、创建配置文件application.yaml

server:
  port: 9527
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-zuul
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/
  instance:
    instance-id: springcloud-zuul-9527 # 修改eureka的默认描述信息
    prefer-ip-address: true
info:
  app.name: com.zibo.springcloud
  company.name: zibo.com

3、hosts文件里面在加一个地址

# 原来的
127.0.0.1 eureka7001.com
127.0.0.1 eureka7002.com
127.0.0.1 eureka7003.com
# 新增一个
127.0.0.1 www.zibo.com

4、写主启动类

package com.zibo.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy //开启
public class Zuul_9527 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Zuul_9527.class,args);
    }
}

5、运行测试

访问7001：

访问8001：

通过路由访问8001：

http://www.zibo.com:9527/springcloud-provider-dept/dept/get/1

6、隐藏微服务的名字

修改9527的配置文件：

server:
  port: 9527
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-zuul
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/
  instance:
    instance-id: springcloud-zuul-9527 # 修改eureka的默认描述信息
    prefer-ip-address: true
info:
  app.name: com.zibo.springcloud
  company.name: zibo.com
zuul:
  routes:
    mydept.serviceId: springcloud-provider-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**

重启9527，然后访问：

此时，通过http://www.zibo.com:9527/springcloud-provider-dept/dept/get/1也可以访问，现在我想把它关闭了，使得通过springcloud-provider-dept不能访问；

修改配置文件：

server:
  port: 9527
spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-zuul
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/
  instance:
    instance-id: springcloud-zuul-9527 # 修改eureka的默认描述信息
    prefer-ip-address: true
info:
  app.name: com.zibo.springcloud
  company.name: zibo.com
zuul:
  routes:
    mydept.serviceId: springcloud-provider-dept
    mydept.path: /mydept/**
  ignored-services: springcloud-provider-dept # 使得不能通过springcloud-provider-dept访问
  # ignored-services: "*" # 忽略所有访问路径