【SpringMVC】006-SpringMVC响应数据类型

訾博ZiBo

发布于 2025-01-06 15:39:21

5300

代码可运行

文章被收录于专栏：全栈开发工程师全栈开发工程师

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代码可运行

一、响应json数据之过滤静态资源

1、概述

DispatcherServlet会拦截到所有的资源，这就导致静态资源（html、css、js）也会被拦截到，从而不能被使用。解决问题就是需要配置静态资源不进行拦截；

2、示例

index.jsp页面：

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: ZiBo
  Date: 2020/8/9
  Time: 14:52
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-3.5.1.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        //页面加载，绑定按钮点击事件
        $(function () {
            $("#btn").click(function () {
                alert("Hello!");
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>入门程序！</h3>
    <a href="hello">点我调转到success.jsp页面</a>
    <br/>
    <button id="btn">发送ajax请求</button>
</body>
</html>

spring-mvc.xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--    开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zibo.controller"/>
    <!--    视图解析器：解析/WEB-INF/pages/文件夹，后缀为.jsp的页面-->
    <!--    前缀为所在文件夹，后缀为文件类型，使用的时候只需要指定文件名字即可-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
<!--    指定前端控制器不进行拦截的文件夹，其他如css、images文件夹类似-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/"/>
    <!--    开启SpringMVC注解的支持和自定义类型转换器-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>

运行结果：

二、发送ajax请求

HelloController类：

package com.zibo.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

//控制器
@Controller
public class HelloController {
    //设置路径为"/hello"
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
    public void sayHello(@RequestBody String body) {
        //控制台打印"Hello Spring MVC!"
        System.out.println("Hello Spring MVC!");
        //输出请求体
        System.out.println(body);
    }
}

index.jsp页面：

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: ZiBo
  Date: 2020/8/9
  Time: 14:52
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-3.5.1.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        //页面加载，绑定按钮点击事件
        $(function () {
            $("#btn").click(function () {
                // alert("Hello!");
                //发送ajax请求
                $.ajax({
                    //编写json格式，设置属性和值
                    url:"hello",
                    contentType:"application/json;charset=UTF-8",
                    data:"{'username':'大哥','password':'123','age':20}",
                    dataType:"json",
                    type:"post",
                    success:function (data) {
                        //data是服务端响应的json数据

                    }
                });
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>入门程序！</h3>
    <a href="hello">点我调转到success.jsp页面</a>
    <br/>
    <button id="btn">发送ajax请求</button>
</body>
</html>

运行结果：

三、将服务端接收到的json数据封装成Javabean

第一步：为pom.xml添加jackson坐标依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>SpringMVC01</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>SpringMVC01 Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <spring.version>5.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-annotations -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.11.2</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>SpringMVC01</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

第二步：User类

package com.zibo.controller;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private int age;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

第三步：修改index.jsp代码

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: ZiBo
  Date: 2020/8/9
  Time: 14:52
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-3.5.1.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        //页面加载，绑定按钮点击事件
        $(function () {
            $("#btn").click(function () {
                // alert("Hello!");
                //发送ajax请求
                $.ajax({
                    //编写json格式，设置属性和值
                    url:"hello",
                    contentType:"application/json;charset=UTF-8",
                    data:"{'username':'大哥','password':'123','age':20}",
                    dataType:"json",
                    type:"post",
                    success:function (data) {
                        //data是服务端响应的json数据
                        alert(data.username);
                    }
                });
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>入门程序！</h3>
    <a href="hello">点我调转到success.jsp页面</a>
    <br/>
    <button id="btn">发送ajax请求</button>
</body>
</html>

第四步：修改HelloController类

package com.zibo.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

//控制器
@Controller
public class HelloController {
    //设置路径为"/hello"
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
    public @ResponseBody User sayHello(@RequestBody User user) {
        //控制台打印"Hello Spring MVC!"
        System.out.println("Hello Spring MVC!");
        //spring-mvc自动将json字符串封装到了user对象里
        System.out.println(user.toString());
        //进行响应
        return user;
    }
}

备注：代码没有成功运行，遇到了这个错误，研究很久没解决，暂时搁置

简洁：

Content type 'application/json;charset=UTF-8' not supported

完整：

11-Aug-2020 10:57:37.722 警告 [http-nio-8080-exec-75] org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerExceptionResolver.logException Resolved [org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException: Content type 'application/json;charset=UTF-8' not supported]

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原始发表：2025-01-06，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

数据类型