Qt | linux+openCV+Qt6.5.3环境搭建

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Qt历险记

发布于 2024-09-19 21:19:57

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发布于 2024-09-19 21:19:57

文章被收录于专栏：Linux高端玩家 Qt6 研发工程师

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01、openCV安装

>>>一. 安装OpenCV库：打开终端，输入以下命令安装OpenCV：

sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get install libopencv-dev

库默认安装在了这个目录

/*
* 提示：该行代码过长，系统自动注释不进行高亮。一键复制会移除系统注释 
* usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videostab.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stereo.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stitching.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videostab.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_calib3d.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_surface_matching.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_video.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_video.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_core.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_superres.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_text.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hfs.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_phase_unwrapping.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ximgproc.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_tracking.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgproc.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_line_descriptor.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_rgbd.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_calib3d.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dpm.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_structured_light.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_face.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_reg.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ximgproc.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_fuzzy.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xphoto.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_quality.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dpm.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_datasets.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bioinspired.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_structured_light.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ccalib.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_highgui.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_tracking.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ccalib.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hdf.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stereo.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ccalib.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videoio.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/cmake/opencv4/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bioinspired.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_quality.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hfs.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_datasets.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_structured_light.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xobjdetect.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgproc.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_superres.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_features2d.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_saliency.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_calib3d.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_superres.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_plot.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_viz.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_flann.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hdf.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_text.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_optflow.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_aruco.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_photo.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_datasets.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_plot.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_phase_unwrapping.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bgsegm.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_tracking.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_phase_unwrapping.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ximgproc.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_text.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_text.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_superres.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ts.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_plot.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stitching.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ccalib.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_features2d.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_fuzzy.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgproc.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_core.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_plot.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_highgui.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_flann.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_img_hash.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_img_hash.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgproc.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_surface_matching.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_features2d.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bgsegm.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_img_hash.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videoio.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_objdetect.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stitching.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_img_hash.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xobjdetect.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xobjdetect.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_line_descriptor.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_objdetect.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_objdetect.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_shape.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_features2d.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_fuzzy.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_freetype.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_highgui.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_freetype.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_phase_unwrapping.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hdf.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_rgbd.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_fuzzy.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_core.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_line_descriptor.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_viz.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hdf.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_aruco.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_shape.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_flann.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_reg.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hfs.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_rgbd.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_objdetect.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_face.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_freetype.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ml.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stitching.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_core.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dpm.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_objdetect.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_video.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ml.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stereo.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_viz.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_video.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_freetype.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_highgui.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ml.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stereo.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_objdetect.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_superres.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_flann.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hfs.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_saliency.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dpm.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_optflow.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_saliency.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bgsegm.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_superres.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_quality.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ml.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_reg.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_aruco.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_superres.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xphoto.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_viz.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videostab.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_structured_light.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_reg.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_shape.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_superres.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig/opencv4.pc/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bioinspired.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ximgproc.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_rgbd.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_surface_matching.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_surface_matching.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_calib3d.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_photo.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_saliency.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_optflow.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videoio.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_objdetect.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_face.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xobjdetect.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_photo.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_aruco.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xphoto.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_photo.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bgsegm.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_line_descriptor.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_shape.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bioinspired.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_tracking.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_objdetect.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_face.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xphoto.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videoio.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_datasets.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_quality.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videostab.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_optflow.so/usr/lib/jni/libopencv_java420.so
*/

头文件安装在了这个目录

/usr/include/opencv4/usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/opencv_modules.hpp/usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/opencv.hpp/usr/include/boost/compute/interop/opencv.hpp/usr/include/boost/compute/interop/opencv

02、Qt 配置openCV

>>>在Qt Creator中打开项目，然后编辑.pro文件，添加以下内容：

QT       += core guigreaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgetsCONFIG += c++17# You can make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0SOURCES += \    main.cpp \    mainwindow.cppHEADERS += \    mainwindow.hFORMS += \    mainwindow.ui# Default rules for deployment.qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/binelse: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target# openCVINCLUDEPATH += /usr/include/opencv4LIBS += -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ -lopencv_core -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_imgcodecsRESOURCES += \    images.qrc

03、Qt openCV 测试

>>>图像变灰演示

04、mainwindow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H#define MAINWINDOW_H#include <QMainWindow>QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACEnamespace Ui {class MainWindow;}QT_END_NAMESPACEclass MainWindow : public QMainWindow{    Q_OBJECTpublic:    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);    ~MainWindow();private slots:    void on_pushButton_clicked();private:    Ui::MainWindow *ui;};#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

05、mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"#include "ui_mainwindow.h"#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>#include <QImage>#include <QPixmap>MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)    : QMainWindow(parent)    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow){    ui->setupUi(this);    // 实现图片按标签大小适应而不失真。    QPixmap pixmap1("/home/whois/Qt_openCV_TEST/images/girl.png");    ui->label_2->setPixmap(pixmap1.scaled(ui->label_2->size(), Qt::KeepAspectRatio, Qt::SmoothTransformation));    // 实现图片按标签大小适应而不失真。    QPixmap pixmap2("/home/whois/Qt_openCV_TEST/images/girl.png");    ui->label_3->setPixmap(pixmap2.scaled(ui->label_3->size(), Qt::KeepAspectRatio, Qt::SmoothTransformation));}MainWindow::~MainWindow(){    delete ui;}// opencvvoid MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked(){    // 读取原始图像    cv::Mat img = cv::imread("/home/whois/Qt_openCV_TEST/images/girl.png");    if (img.empty()) {        qDebug() << "Image not found!";        return;    }    // 将图像转换为灰度图    cv::Mat grayImg;    cv::cvtColor(img, grayImg, cv::COLOR_BGR2GRAY);    // 将灰度图像转换为QImage    QImage qImg((const unsigned char*)(grayImg.data), grayImg.cols, grayImg.rows, grayImg.step, QImage::Format_Grayscale8);    // 显示灰度图像到标签上    ui->label_3->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(qImg.scaled(ui->label_3->size(), Qt::KeepAspectRatio, Qt::SmoothTransformation)));}

06、mainwindow.ui

07、main.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"#include <QApplication>int main(int argc, char *argv[]){    QApplication a(argc, argv);    MainWindow w;    w.show();    return a.exec();}

08、图片素材

>>>

09、openCV 解读

>>> OpenCV（Open Source Computer Vision Library）是一个开源的计算机视觉库，广泛应用于多个领域。以下是一些主要的应用场景：

图像处理：
- 图像的平滑、锐化、边缘检测等基本操作。
- 色彩空间转换（例如RGB到灰度、HSV等）。
人脸识别：
- 实时人脸检测和识别，用于安防监控、用户身份验证等领域。
物体检测和跟踪：
- 在视频监控、自动驾驶等场景中，识别和跟踪特定物体，如车辆、行人等。
图像拼接：
- 将多张图片组合成全景图像，常用于摄影和游戏等领域。
OCR（光学字符识别）：
- 从图片中提取文本信息，应用于文档数字化和自动化数据录入。
机器学习和深度学习：
- 利用OpenCV与TensorFlow、PyTorch等深度学习框架结合，实现更复杂的视觉任务。
增强现实：
- 在实时视频中叠加虚拟对象，用于游戏、教育和培训等场景。
工业自动化：
- 机器视觉在生产线上的应用，例如缺陷检测和质量控制。
医学影像处理：
- 处理和分析医学图像，如CT、MRI图像，用于疾病诊断。
这些应用展示了OpenCV在各个行业的广泛适用性，通过其强大的图像处理和分析能力，推动了智能化的发展。 OpenCV被广泛应用于许多主流软件和项目中，以下是一些示例：
计算机视觉应用：
- OpenFace：一个面部识别和分析工具，使用OpenCV进行面部检测和特征提取。
- Dlib：一个用于实现人脸检测、人脸识别和人脸标记的库，部分功能依赖于OpenCV。
机器人视觉：
- ROS（Robot Operating System）：在多个机器人项目中，OpenCV常用于视觉感知和图像处理。
深度学习框架的集成：
- TensorFlow和Keras：有些图像处理任务会结合使用OpenCV进行预处理和后处理。
- PyTorch：在一些计算视觉任务中，也会使用OpenCV进行数据增强等。
智能监控系统：
- 各种视频监控和安防软件，利用OpenCV进行实时人脸识别和事件检测。
手机应用：
- 相机应用程序（如美颜相机），使用OpenCV进行图像处理和特效增强。
医疗影像处理软件：
- 一些医院和医疗研究机构使用OpenCV进行医学图像的分析和处理。
增强现实和虚拟现实应用：
- 一些AR/VR应用利用OpenCV进行环境感知和虚拟对象叠加。
游戏开发：
- 在一些游戏引擎中，开发者可能利用OpenCV进行图像处理和实时效果实现。