基于matplotlib的3维ERA5多层温度分布图

用户11172986

发布于 2024-06-20 17:03:06

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发布于 2024-06-20 17:03:06

文章被收录于专栏：气python风雨气python风雨

基于matplotlib的3维ERA5多层披萨图（温度）

数据：era5 nc格式核心函数：ax.plot_surface

起步

实际上是上学期听学术报告看到类似的天气形势3D图，搜了挺多教程，效果差强人意吧希望对你们有微小的帮助

倒车入库（导入必要库）

In [1]:

import xarray as xr
import cmaps
import itertools
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.collections import LineCollection, PolyCollection
import numpy as np
import cartopy.feature as cf
from cartopy.mpl.patch import geos_to_path
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
from cartopy.io.shapereader import Reader

Warning: ecCodes 2.21.0 or higher is recommended. You are running version 2.14.1

曲线行驶（数据处理）

In [2]:

# 加载ERA5数据集
ds = xr.open_dataset('/home/mw/input/ERA5_Lekima4742/ERA5_Lekima.nc')
time = ds.time
# 选择温度数据
temp = ds.t.sel(time=time[0], method='nearest')
levels = [500, 600, 700, 850, 1000]
data = temp.sel(level=levels)-273.15
lon = np.array(temp.longitude)
lat = np.array(temp.latitude)

坡道定点停车与起步（核心代码）

In [29]:

# 绘制3D图像
#fig = plt.figure()
#ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
proj= ccrs.PlateCarree()
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8,5),dpi=200)
ax = Axes3D(fig)

target_projection = ccrs.PlateCarree()

for i, level in enumerate(levels):
    x, y = np.meshgrid(lon, lat)
    z = np.full((x.shape[0], y.shape[1]), level)
    t = data[i,:, :]  
    ax.plot_surface(x, y, z, rstride=1, cstride=1, alpha=0.5, cmap='coolwarm', linewidth=0.5)
    cset = ax.contourf(x, y, t, levels=np.arange(-30, 30, 3), cmap=cmaps.ncl_default, offset=level, linewidth=2)
    ax.clabel(cset, inline=1, fontsize=10, fmt='%1.0f')

/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ipykernel_launcher.py:6: MatplotlibDeprecationWarning: Axes3D(fig) adding itself to the figure is deprecated since 3.4. Pass the keyword argument auto_add_to_figure=False and use fig.add_axes(ax) to suppress this warning. The default value of auto_add_to_figure will change to False in mpl3.5 and True values will no longer work in 3.6.  This is consistent with other Axes classes.
  
/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/cmaps/cmaps.py:3181: UserWarning: Trying to register the cmap 'ncl_default' which already exists.
  matplotlib.cm.register_cmap(name=cname, cmap=cmap)
/opt/conda/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ipykernel_launcher.py:15: UserWarning: The following kwargs were not used by contour: 'linewidth'
  from ipykernel import kernelapp as app